This study was carried out in order to evaluate the production and nutritional status yellow passion fruit plants, cultivar IAC 273/277+275 in functions of the water depths irrigation and plants number by cave. The experiment was developed in randomized blocks, using split plot with three replications. The water depths irrigation of 5.3; 7.9; 10.5 and 13.1 mm were the plots and the plants number per hole 1, 2, 3 and 4 were the subplots. The water depths irrigation and plants number by cave exercise significant effect on fruits production but without effect on mineral composition in dry matter of plant leaves. The number of plants increased the production of fruits by cave but it decreased the unitary production by plant. In treatments with four plants per hole were cropped 150 fruits. The supply of water at level of 10.61 mm day-1 induced more production by yellow passion fruits in treatments with four plants per hole.

Maniçoba is a native forage species of the semi-arid region of NE Brazil that is widely used in animal rations. The seeds of this plant demonstrate dormancy, with slow and irregular germination, making propagation problematic. The present work examined methods to overcome seed dormancy in three species of maniçoba (Manihot glaziovii, M. pseudoglaziovii, and M. piauhyensis) that were stored in paper and plastic sacks. Seeds derived from different localities (Areia and Barra de Santa Rosa - PB; Araripina and Petrolina - PE) were mixed together, packed into paper or plastic sacks and stored for five months. Each month during the five-month experiment, samples of the seeds were either submitted to stratification, or not, followed by scarification, and then examined for emergence and vigor. Statistical analyses were made of a 2x2x5 factorial scheme (seeds that were and were not treated to overcome dormancy; packing material used; and storage periods) making all of the possible combinations, with four replicates of 25 seeds each. Of the seeds analyzed, those from Barra de Santa Rosa that had been treated to overcome dormancy exhibited the best physiological quality, independent of the packing material used during storage.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect two hybrids of maize, cultivated on "safrinha" conditions, in different rates of 08-28-16 formula. The treatments consisted of two hybrids of maize (DKB747 e CO32) cultivated in no-tillage system (SPD) and five rates of fertilizer 08-28-16 (100, 200, 300, 400 e 500 kg ha-1). The randomized block design was used, with subdivided splots and four replications. The maize was sowed on 02/03/2006 using seeder pneumatic of mechanics traction, with four individual lines, spaced of 0.45 m During maize flowering period, morphologic components were evaluated; the harvest occurred on 150 days after the sowing, when the production components were evaluated. The hybrid of maize DKB747 showed greater efficiency, while the hybrid of maize CO32 was more responsive to rates used. NPK rates on 08-28-16 formula above 300 kg ha-1 are not necessary to the hybrid CO32 cultivated on "safrinha" conditions, in Botucatu region, state of São Paulo.

To evaluate the utilization of the biofetilizer substituting nutrient solution in hydroponic lettuce was carried out the study in greenhouse at Environmental Science Departament of the UFERSA, located in Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. The statistical test was realized in randomized blocks, with thee repetitions. Treatments were composed of five nutrient solution (Biofertilizer - T1; Biofertilizer + 25% of the mineral nutrient solution - T2; Biofertilizer + 50% of the mineral nutrient solution - T3; Biofertilizer + 75% of the mineral nutrient solution - T4 and mineral nutrient solution - T5). The fresh and matter biomes, leaf area, diameter of caulis and number of leaf was analyzed. The T5 treatment showed better response in relation to growth parameters and production of hydroponic lettuce, demonstrating that in a hydroponic requires high levels of nutrients readily available to meet the rapid and high nutrient demand.

The experiment was carried out at the Embrapa Semi-Arid, Petrolina, Pernambuco State, Brazil aiming to study the behavior of five species of the genus Spondias: umbu-cajá (Spondias sp.), umbuguela (Spondias sp.), cajá (S. lutea L.), cajá-manga (S. cytherea Sonn.) e ceriguela (S. purpurea L.) grafted on umbuzeiro (S. tuberosa Cam), which presents a specialized root system bearing tubers. Five-years old plants, spaced by 10.0 m x 10.0 m were studied under rainfed conditions based on phenotypic and physiological data acquisition. The results indicated the occurrence of high levels of graft unions and good vegetative performance of all species, suggesting the occurrence of week incompatibility barriers among them and the rootstock. Consequently, all grafted species presented a internal water balance recovering similar to the umbuzeiro due to the presence of tubers in the root system. Despite the improvement on the species' water balance, the values on stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthesis significantly decreased along the experimental period suggesting the existing of a signal present in the root system that controls the stomatal aperture, although to the umbuzeiro, the reduction on gas exchange was less steeped.

The study propagation of non-cultivated plants aims the species domestication, and its propagation can be carried out by seeds. However exist factors that affect the germination, among them there are the size, the weight of seed and the use of chemical substances. The present work was carried out with the objective to evaluate the influence of the weight of seeds and chemical promoters on the seed germination of Hyptis pectinata. It was used seeds collected and classified of sambacaitá in blower machine, which had been placed to germinate on Petri dishes, and kept in germination chamber at 27ºC under constant light. The experimental design was the completely randomized in factorial scheme 2x4, referring two chemical seeds classification llow and heavy seeds) and three substances (GA3, KNO3 and PEG) and the control, with four replications of 50 seeds each. The variables analized were percentage, speed germination index and mean square for time of germination. The statistical analysis was carried out using the software Sanest, and the average values compared by the Test of Tukey 5%. The different classification of seeds by weight present influence on the physiological quality of sambacaitá's seeds. Heavy seeds germinate in higher percentage, and faster speed, and short time. The chemical treatment with KNO3 and GA3 increases the germination percentage, but for the speed germination index and germination do not present significant difference. The use of PEG increases the mean square time of germination of sambacaitá's seeds.

The present work aimed to estimate the litterfall rate accumulation in stands of Parkia pendula Benth., Caesalpinia ferrea var. ferrea Mart. ex Tul., Caesalpinia echinatta Lam., Mimosa caesalpiniifolia Benth. and in the native forest in Nísia Floresta National Forest, in the Municipality of Nísia Floresta-RN. The biomass was collected with a metallic frame accomplished in 10 points of each stand in dry and rainy season of 2003. The material was separated in leaves, branches and miscellany fractions, washed, dried at 65ºC for 48 hours and after weighted. Larger biomass accumulation was observed in the Parkia pendula stand with 15.49 Mg.ha-1 and the smallest in Caesalpinia echinatta with 9.52 Mg.ha-1. It was verified in all the stands more leaf biomass production with high amount for Caesalpinia ferrea and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, accumulating 10.38 and 10.25 Mg.ha-1, respectively. The branches+bark production was larger in the Parkia pendula plot with 4.95 Mg.ha-1 and in the native forest with 3.19 Mg.ha-1. The litterfall accumulation in the pure plantations was larger in the dry period, reaching 33% more than in the rainy season. The cluster analysis classified the forest typologies in two blocks, being the first formed by Caesalpinia ferrea, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia and Parkia pendula, and the second by Caesalpinia echinatta and native forest, with the leaf fraction being the main discriminatory variable.

The present research evaluated the physical barriers influence in the water distribution profiles of five microsprinkler of the mark DAN 2001, with the respective combinations of diameters and drains same to 0,84 mm and 20 L h-1, 1,10 mm and 35 L h-1, 1,33 mm and 55 L h-1, 1,48 mm and 70 L h-1 and 1,75 mm and 95 L h-1, with the objective of evaluating the behavior of your distribution profiles in function of the factors: height and distance of physical barriers. The water distribution profiles without barrier of the microsprinkler that use the two smaller diameters and the two smaller drains present, in general, an initial tendency of growth of the precipitations, followed for reduction and increase gradativo until reaching maximum value, decreasing until reaching the end again, where the reach ray of the microsprinkler corresponds to the last value above registered zero. The diameters and rains respectively same 1,33 mm and 55 L h-1, 1,48 mm and 70 L h-1 and 1,75 mm and 95 L h-1 had the water distribution profiles similar for all the heights and distances of the barriers, just differentiating the intensities of precipitations, and the reach rays of the microsprinkler. The water distribution profiles for all the mouthpieces and your respective rotors had values of precipitations same to zero for the physical barriers of different heights placed 1,0 m of distance, fact that due to the presence of barriers in the place of installation of a collector.

Aiming on estimating the evapotranspiration (ETc) and crop coefficient (Kc) of passion fruit, an experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Ceará - UFC, The field experiment was carried out at the Curu Valley Experiment Station (FEVC) of the Federal University of Ceará, in Pentecoste - CE, during the period of May, 2004 to February, 2005. The evapotranspiration of the crop was estimated trough the law of conservation of masses using the water balance in a controlled volume of soil with a depth of 0.60 m. The period of the water balance was 296 days after transplanting (DAT). The results showed a variable increase of the accumulated the evapotranspiration during the cycle of the passion fruit plant went to the tension of 1,489.3 mm for 35 kPa. The evapotranspiration daily average in the tension was 35 kPa of 5.81mm day-1. The medium values in the crop coefficient were study for the 1.09Penman - Monteith - FAO and 0.88 Class A pan.

This experiment was conducted in greenhouse nursery (50%) located in the orchard, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA) in order to assess the initial response of seedlings of cherry-the-woods to the effect of doses of single superphosphate. The design was a randomized blocks with four treatments, four repetitions and sixteen plants per plot. We used 4 doses of single superphosphate (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 kg/m3 of substrate). Thefertilization with the single superphosphate was made in the substrate, at the time of filling the bags for production of switches. We evaluated the characteristics: height changes (cm), the root length (cm), number of leaves per plant, dry matter of shoots, roots and the total (g / plant). There was a significant effect of doses of single superphosphate for all characteristics except for the length of root and dry root. Since the doses of 5.29, 10.0, 5.86 and 6.15 10.0 kg/m3 of the substrate that provided greater height (17.18 cm), number of leaves (9.85); dry of shoot (2.04 g) and total dry weight (2.76 g), respectively.