Se realizaron 4 ensayos en rebanos Hereford (vacas pre y postparto) con casos clinicos y muertes por tetania hipomagnesemica e hipomagnesemia diagnosticada mediante un perfil metabolico. En el ensayo 1 se utilizaron 50 g/d/vaca de MgO (equivalente a 25 g de Mg) sobre ensilaje o heno por 44 dias; en el ensayo 2 se uso el MgO + NaC1 en mezcla con avena chancada (equivalente a 25 g de Mg) por 55 dias. En el ensayo 3 se utilizo MgSO4 al 0,5% en el agua de bebida, durante 44 dias, equivalente a 10 g/d de Mg. En el ensayo 4 se utilizo MgSO4 en el ultimo mes de gestacion y MgO despues del parto, en iguales dosis a las senaladas para los otros ensayos, durante 55 dias. En 10 vacas de cada ensayo se obtuvieron muestras de sangre y orina previo a la suplementacion, durante la suplementacion (cada 11+-2 dias) y 1 semana despues de finalizada. En las muestras se determinaron las concentraciones de Mg serico (Mg-s), Mg urinario (Mg-u) y Mg-u corregido por creatinina (CUM). Las concentraciones de Mg-s solo en el ensayo 3 aumentaron significativamente (p0,05) desde 0,64 mmol/1 previo a la suplementacion hasta 0,86 mmol/1 a los 44 dias de suplementacion, el Mg-u y el CUM tambien aumentaron significativamente (p0,05) durante ese periodo. En el ensayo 1 no aumentaron significativamente las concentraciones de Mg-s pero si lo hicieron significativamente (p0.05) las concentraciones de Mg-u y CUM. En el ensayo 4 no aumentaron las concentraciones de Mg-s ni Mg-u, pero si aumento significativamente (p0,05) el CUM desde 0,12 mmol/1 previo a la suplementacion hasta 0,52 mmol/1 a los 55 dias de suplementacion. En el ensayo 2 no aumento significativamente el Mg-s ni Mg-u y el CUM fue variable en el transcurso del ensayo para aumentar significativamente (p0,05) desde 0,17 mmol/1 hasta 0,36 mmol/1 a los 55 dias de suplementacion. El CUM, si bien aumento significativamente en los 4 ensayos, se mantuvo bajo el limite de referencia de 1 mimol/1. La incidencia de casos clinicos de tetania hipomagnesemica y muertes disminuyo significativamente (p0.05) en el total de animales de los ensayos. Los resultados senalan que en rebanos de carne con hipomagnesemia la suplementacion con MgO en el alimento o MgSO4 disuelto en el agua de bebida es efectiva para mantener o aumentar las concentraciones de Mg-s, Mg-u y CUM, permitiendo reducir la incidencia de casos clinicos o muertes por tetania hipomagnesemica

Acinetobacter spp. has emerged as a pathogen of major public health concern due to their increased resistance to antibiotics and their association with a wide range of nosocomial infections, community-acquired infections and war and natural disaster-related infections. It is recognized as a ubiquitous organism however, information about the prevalence of different pathogenic species of this genus in food sources and drinking water is scarce. Since the implementation of molecular techniques, the role of foods as a source of several species, including the Acinetobacter baumannii group, has been elucidated. Multidrug resistance was also detected among Acinetobacter spp. isolated from food products. This highlights the importance of foods as potential sources of dissemination of Acinetobacter spp. between the community and clinical environments and reinforces the need for further investigations on the potential health risks of Acinetobacter spp. as foodborne pathogens. The aim of this review was to summarize the published data on the occurrence of Acinetobacter spp. in different food sources and drinking water. This information should be taken into consideration by those responsible for infection control in hospitals and other healthcare facilities.

Anthracnose pathogen on mango fruit cv. Nam Dok Mai and Mahajanaka were isolated and screened for a virulent isolate. Among 6 isolates, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Ml1 showed the strongest pathogenic activity. The isolate was dual cultured with 11 isolates of microorganisms isolated from fermented pork sausage (CM-NM-1 CM-NM-2, CM-NM-3), preserved fish (CM-PF-1, CM-PF-2), natto (CM-TN), yoghurt (CM-YK), vinegar (SK-AV), nata decoco (CM-NA), ragi (CM-LP) and a laboratory contaminant (CON-1) for antagonistic detection. The results came out that CM-NM-3, CON-1, CM-NA and CM-LP exhibited greater inhibition percentages i.e., 66.82, 62.98, 37.02 and 34.18 percent, respectively. All 11 isolates were further tested for the prevention of C. gloeosporioides Ml1 infection on postharvest mango fruit. It was found that the fruit dipped in the cell suspension of CM-NA, CM-YK and CM-PF-2 after the inoculation had small lesion size which differed from the control group (not dipped), The efficacy of combined treatments using CM-NA in combination with 50 or 54 deg C hot water for 5 minutes were investigated on wounded mango fruit. The least size was found on the fruit treated with 54 deg C for 5 minutes either with or without dipping in the antagonistic cell suspension. The fruit dipping in cell suspension of CM-NA in combination with 54 deg C hot water for 5 minutes did not change in pulp color, flesh color, weight loss, texture, total soluble solid, titratable acidify and sensory quality.

This book with 33 chapters divided into five parts is a compendium of selected papers from the conference that can be broadly categorized as land and water management, fisheries and aquaculture and rice-based agriculture systems. Intensification of aquaculture and rice-based agriculture frequently produces negative effects that range from environmental degradation to social conflict; managing these impacts in a sustainable manner is imperative to protect the social and ecological foundations of tropical deltaic systems. New approaches to the intensification and diversification of rice-based production systems are presented in this book, which could impact positively on the livelihoods of millions who inhabit the deltaic areas of South, South East and East Asia if implemented on a large scale. More importantly, these innovations could begin to reverse man's current exploitive behaviour and ensure the preservation of critical ecosystems. A significant section of the compendium is devoted to the intensification of marine shrimp aquaculture production. Negative impacts associated with shrimp production are well recognized, and several innovative approaches to waste management are presented. Further critical questions are raised over the introduction of exotic shrimp species and the long-term impact this could have on native species, which suggests a cautionary approach to future development. A clear consensus emerged from the conference that highlighted the importance of social mobilization and the role of communities in decision making.