This publication provides guidance to water-sector decision makers and planners on how to deal with the quality dimension of groundwater resources management in the World Bank's client countries. There is growing evidence of increasing pollution threats to groundwater and some well-documented cases of irreversible damage to important aquifers. This guide has been produced in the belief that groundwater pollution hazard assessment must become an essential part of environmental best practice for water supply utilities. The guide is particularly relevant for the World Bank's Latin American and Caribbean Region, where many countries have initiated major changes to modernize their institutional and legal framework for water resources management, but may not yet have considered groundwater at the same level as surface water, because of lack of awareness and knowledge of groundwater issues and policy options.

En esta cartilla presentaremos los principios de funcionamiento de un termotanque solar, sus componentes y el paso a paso para su construcción. También veremos las principales recomendaciones para su uso y mantenimiento. Es una guía para la construcción de un modelo de termotanque solar. Podemos reemplazar o reciclar materiales adaptando esta tecnología a nuestra zona, posibilidades y entorno. | IPAF Región Pampena | Fil: Ramilo, Diego Nicolás. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar (IPAF); Argentina | Fil: Schonwald Kalichman, Janine. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar (IPAF); Argentina | Fil: Lance, Florencia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Dirección Nacional Asistente de Transferencia y Extensión. Gerencia Articulación Interinstitucional y Gestión del Financiamiento; Argentina | Fil: Gornitzky, Cora Miriam. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar (IPAF); Argentina

Climate change is at the top of the development agenda in Central America. This region, together with the Caribbean, is highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change in Latin America. Climate change is manifesting itself through higher average temperatures and more frequent droughts that result in higher water stress, and through the rising frequency of extreme weather events such as tropical storms, hurricanes, floods and landslides, all of which pose significant challenges in the rural water supply and sanitation sector. The paper starts with a review of the historic data on temperature and precipitation trends in Central America and particularly at the regional level in Nicaragua. The data reveal a clear trend of the growing climate variability, increased water stress for crops, and greater frequency of extreme weather events. The rising intensity and frequency of ex-treme weather events is among the most critical risks to the region's development agenda, and they translate into high economic losses. This paper examines the impacts and implications of potential climate change on water resources in Nicaragua and makes key recommendations to integrate climate change and rural water supply and sanitation policies and programs in a way that increase resilience to current and future climate conditions. | 0

O presente estudo mostra a possibilidade de uso do tagua, material argiloso proveniente do Cariri cearense, como materia-prima basica para confeccao de capsulas porosas para fins de irrigacao localizada. As capsulas porosas, confeccionadas com diferentes proporcoes de tagua, e a chamota, originaria do tagua calcinado acrescido de carbonato de calcio natural e xisto talco, mostraram liberacoes de agua na faixa de 0,109 + ou - a 36,00 + ou - l/dia sob a pressao hidrostatica entre 0,25 a 1,00 m. Recomendam-se algumas modificacoes nas formas das unidades porosas em relacao as anteriormente usadas, pois, alem de facilitarem a interligacao entre as capsulas, permitem economia de ate 50% na tubulacao de plastico necessaria para instalacao do sistema. | Trabalho apresentado no 1º Simpósio Brasileiro do Trópico Sem-Árido, Olinda,PE, agosto de 1982.