Introductory notes in Spanish, Catalan and English. Text in Spanish

2832 ref.

(Hyphomycetes isolados da água e do solo, da Reserva Florestal de Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, Brasil). Visando ampliar o conhecimento sobre a diversidade de fungos em ambientes aquáticos, coletas da água e do solo das margens dos açudes do Vale do Prata e do Meio foram efetuadas na Reserva Florestal de Dois Irmãos, Recife, Estado de Pernambuco. Dentre outras, foram isoladas cinco espécies pouco comuns de Hyphomycetes. As amostras de água foram coletadas abaixo da lâmina d'água e as de solo nas margens dos referidos açudes. As amostras de solo foram submetidas a diluições até 1:10000 e 1 mL de cada suspensão foi plaqueado no meio de Martin acrescido de cloranfenicol (50 mg/L). Alíquotas (1 mL) das amostras de água foram semeadas no mesmo meio. As placas foram deixadas em temperatura ambiente (27 ºC&plusmn;2), durante 3-4 dias, para o desenvolvimento de colônias e posterior isolamento dos fungos. Dentre as espécies identificadas Curvularia tuberculata Jain, Dendrosporium lobatum Plakidas & Edgerton ex Crane, Dichotomophthoropsis nymphaearum (Rand) M. B. Ellis, Phaeoisaria glauca (Ellis & Everh.) Hoog & Papendorf e Trichurus spiralis Hasselbring são destacadas porque haviam sido pouco referidas e não descritas anteriormente no Brasil.<br>(Hyphomycetes from water and soil at the Dois Irmãos Forest Reserve, Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil). To increase our knowledge regarding fungal diversity in aquatic environments, water and soil were collected at the edge of two dams (Açude do Vale do Prata and Açude do Meio) at the Dois Irmãos Forest Reserve, Recife, Pernambuco state. Five uncommon species of Hyphomycetes were found, among others. Water samples were collected below the water surface and soil samples from the shores of these dams. Soil samples were diluted to 1:10000, and 1 mL of each suspension was plated in Martin's medium with 50 mg/L chloranphenicol. Water samples (1 mL) were plated in the same medium. The plates were left at room temperature (27 ºC &plusmn;2) for 3-4 days, for colony development and subsequent species isolation. Among the identified species, Curvularia tuberculata Jain, Dendrosporium lobatum Plakidas & Edgerton ex Crane, Dichotomophthoropsis nymphaearum (Rand) M.B. Ellis, Phaeoisaria glauca (Ellis & Everh.) Hoog & Papendorf and Trichurus spiralis Hasselbring have rarely been cited and have yet not been described in Brazil.

A partir de 1977 se inició el maricultivo comercial del ostión en Bahía San Quintín, Baja California. En una década, este cultivo de ostión paso a ser una actividad económica importante, constituyendo en gran medida la producción ostrícola del estado de Baja California. Esta bahía aún conserva características que no se han alterado a pesar de los maricultivos y otras actividades humanas. Los organismos filtroalimentadores como el ostión consumen las partículas orgánicas en suspensión. Un componente importante de estas partículas en suspensión es el fitoplancton. Por otro lado, los moluscos filtroalimentadores producen cantidades elevadas de excretas que aumentan la demanda bioquímica de oxígeno, potencialmente pueden disminuir el pH y aumentar la turbidez del agua a su alrededor. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si existen alteraciones en las comunidades fitoplanctónicas de Bahía San Quintín, tanto en su abundancia como en su composición taxonómica, así como en variables ambientales como la concentración de oxígeno disuelto (O2), pH, y concentración de nutrientes (P04, N03, NO2 y NH4), ocasionadas a través de casi un cuarto de siglo de cultivos comerciales de moluscos filtroalimentadores. Se utilizaron los mismos métodos que en los 1970’s para generar los nuevos datos para que fueran comparables directamente. La salinidad, O2, pH, nutrientes y la concentración de clorofila no han cambiado significativamente en el último cuarto de siglo en Bahía San Quintín. La abundancia total del fitoplancton se ha mantenido básicamente igual que en décadas anteriores cuando el cultivo de los moluscos filtroalimentadores no existía o era muy incipiente. La turbidez dentro de las áreas de cultivo es significativamente mayor que fuera de las mismas, posiblemente debida a las excreciones abundantes de los moluscos. Bahía San Quintín puede considerarse como un sistema todavía muy saludable. | Commercial oyster culture started in San Quintin Bay, Baja California, in 1977. During the following decade, this oyster culture became an important economic activity, supporting to a great extent the oyster production of the whole state of Baja California. San Quintin is still in a very pristine state, with almost no alterations as a marine ecosystem, in spite of the aquaculture enterprise development and other human activities Filterfeeder organisms, such as oysters, consume suspended organic particles. An important component of these suspended particles is the phytoplankton. On the other hand, filterfeeder mollusks produce great quantities of excreted organic matter. These excretions increase the biochemical oxygen demand, they may decrease the pH and increase the turbidity of the surrounding waters. The objective of this study was to find out if there are alterations in the phytoplankton communities of San Quintin Bay, both in their abundance and taxonomic composition. Also, the possibility of significant changes of environmental variables such as dissolved oxygen concentration (O2), pH, and nutrient concentrations (P04, N03, NO; and NH-4), caused by more than a quarter of a century of filterfeeder mollusks commercial cultures. Essentially the same methodology of the l970’s was used to generate the new data, so that comparisons could be made directly. Salinity, O2, pH, nutrients and chlorophyll concentration have not change significantly during the last 25 years in San Quintin Bay. Total phytoplankton abundance is basically the same as that of a quarter of a century ago, when the oyster culture did not exist or when it was just starting. Inside the areas where they culture the oysters, turbidity is greater than outside. This may be due to the abundant organic excretions of these mollusks. San Quintin Bay may still be considered as a very healthy coastal marine ecosystem.

(Família Scenedesmaceae (Chlorophyceae, Chlorococcales) do lago Água Preta, Município de Belém, Estado do Pará). Trata-se do inventário florístico da família Scenedesmaceae do lago Água Preta, parte do complexo de abastecimento de água do município de Belém, PA, efetuado a partir de quatro coletas, no período de outubro de 1992 a agosto de 1993. Os resultados mostraram que a família Scenedesmaceae está representada por 15 táxons: Crueigeniafenestrata Schimidle, C. quadrata Morren, Dicloster aeuatus Jao, Wei & Hu, Dimorphoeoeeus lunatus Braun, Seenedesmus aeuminatus (Lagerheim) Chodat varo aeuminatus, S. aeuminatus (Lagerheim) Chodat varo bernardii (G.M. Smith) Dedussenko, S. armatus Chodat varo bieaudatus (Guglielmetti) Chodat, S. indieus Philipose, S. peiforatus Lemmerrnann varo peiforatus, S. quadrieauda (Turpin) Brébisson varo quadrieauda, Seenedesmus sp., Tetrallantos lagerheimii Teiling, Tetrastrum heteraeanthum (Nordstedt) Chodat, T punetatum (Schimidle) Ahlstrom & Tiffany e Westella botryoides (w. West) De Wildeman.

Uruguay has a dense hydrographic network, nevertheless the knowledge of the aquatic macroinvertebrate community is still lacking. In recent decades afforestation with exotic species has increased which has produced changes in riparian vegetation of some rivers. The aim of this research was to determine the composition and trophic structure of macroinvertebrate community and its relationship to some physicochemical parameters in eight streams where the native forest is still well preserved and provide the basis for future studies. Samples were collected from December 2006 to December 2007. Temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH and conductivity were measured in situ. Taxonomic composition and abundance were determined, a principal component analysis and a canonical correspondence analysis were carried out with the physico-chemical and biological parameters. The alpha diversity was calculated using the Shannon-Weaver (H'), dominance of Simpson (D) and Pielou evenness indexes (J'). Beta diversity was determined employing similarity index of Bray-Curtis. A total of 1 291 specimens belonging 92 taxa were recorded. The most abundant taxa were Ephemeroptera (36%), Amphipoda (17%) and Coleoptera (12%). The streams show high diversity and low dominance. Conductivity, pH, and temperature were the main factors in determining the macroinvertebrate distribution and composition.

(Hyphomycetes isolados da água e do solo, da Reserva Florestal de Dois Irmãos, Recife, PE, Brasil). Visando ampliar o conhecimento sobre a diversidade de fungos em ambientes aquáticos, coletas da água e do solo das margens dos açudes do Vale do Prata e do Meio foram efetuadas na Reserva Florestal de Dois Irmãos, Recife, Estado de Pernambuco. Dentre outras, foram isoladas cinco espécies pouco comuns de Hyphomycetes. As amostras de água foram coletadas abaixo da lâmina d'água e as de solo nas margens dos referidos açudes. As amostras de solo foram submetidas a diluições até 1:10000 e 1 mL de cada suspensão foi plaqueado no meio de Martin acrescido de cloranfenicol (50 mg/L). Alíquotas (1 mL) das amostras de água foram semeadas no mesmo meio. As placas foram deixadas em temperatura ambiente (27 ºC2), durante 3-4 dias, para o desenvolvimento de colônias e posterior isolamento dos fungos. Dentre as espécies identificadas Curvularia tuberculata Jain, Dendrosporium lobatum Plakidas & Edgerton ex Crane, Dichotomophthoropsis nymphaearum (Rand) M. B. Ellis, Phaeoisaria glauca (Ellis & Everh.) Hoog & Papendorf e Trichurus spiralis Hasselbring são destacadas porque haviam sido pouco referidas e não descritas anteriormente no Brasil. | (Hyphomycetes from water and soil at the Dois Irmãos Forest Reserve, Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil). To increase our knowledge regarding fungal diversity in aquatic environments, water and soil were collected at the edge of two dams (Açude do Vale do Prata and Açude do Meio) at the Dois Irmãos Forest Reserve, Recife, Pernambuco state. Five uncommon species of Hyphomycetes were found, among others. Water samples were collected below the water surface and soil samples from the shores of these dams. Soil samples were diluted to 1:10000, and 1 mL of each suspension was plated in Martin's medium with 50 mg/L chloranphenicol. Water samples (1 mL) were plated in the same medium. The plates were left at room temperature (27 ºC 2) for 3-4 days, for colony development and subsequent species isolation. Among the identified species, Curvularia tuberculata Jain, Dendrosporium lobatum Plakidas & Edgerton ex Crane, Dichotomophthoropsis nymphaearum (Rand) M.B. Ellis, Phaeoisaria glauca (Ellis & Everh.) Hoog & Papendorf and Trichurus spiralis Hasselbring have rarely been cited and have yet not been described in Brazil.