The article deals with the topic of species diagnosis in the genus Di- phasiastrum. At the moment, all the methods available to researchers require the removal of whole plant samples or parts of plants from populations. In this paper we propose a new express method for obtaining morphometric data of species of the genus Diphasiastrum without plant damage and give its hardware implemen- tation. The method allows the identification of species directly in the field. Field and desktop testing of the proposed method was carried out. The low variance of repeated measurements of species-specific traits suggests that the method is suitable. Three new locations of Diphasiastrum in the Moscow region have been discovered and described. The plants were described according to a set of diag- nostically relevant qualitative and quantitative indicators and identified as D. complanatum (L.) Holub subsp. complanatum. For each finding, a standard de- scription of the biotope is given and a conclusion is made as to the degree to which the location is potentially suitable for the long-term existence of the species population. We consider the proposed method to be potentially suitable for many members of the Lycopodiaceae family. The relative rarity of many of these plants in nature makes the appearance of the method timely.

İn article, Colutea komarovii Takht. distributed in Nakhchivan Autono- mous Republic, its position in the world flora and the phytocenoses formed by it are presented. At the result of conducted studies, due to the small population of this species and negative effects of zoogenic and anthropogenic factors it has been included in the protection status of Critically Endangered -CR B1ac (ii,iv); C2a(i) as a rare species. The condition of the species in nature has worsened due to the effects of continuous drought during last 3 years. This species was intro- duced in the collection of rare plants in the Botanical Garden and Institute of Dendrology.

The purpose of this paper is to study the correlation between the colors of medicinal plants' flowers and their pharmacological effects on the human body. It has been known from traditional herbal medicines that certain medicinal plants with the same color of flowers have similar effects on the body. By com- paring the same color of flowers of medicinal herbs, we have found that there is a shared effect amongst medicinal plants with the same color flowers. Our findings conclude that purple flowering herbs are mainly adaptogenic and also support the immune system, blue flowering herbs have anti-inflammatory properties, red flowering herbs will affect the blood, yellow flowering herbs help with digestion, white flowering herbs are mostly sedative or affect the nervous system, and herbs with no flowers help provide nutrients to the body. In the future, more in- vestigation is needed to determine specific constituents in plants that are respon- sible for their pharmacological actions. The study of the correlation between col- ors of flowers and their healing abilities will help us select the correct medicinal plants for these future clinical studies.

On the territory of the Azerbaijan Republic, significant research has been carried out in the field of biomonitoring, bioindication and biotesting of components of natural landscapes. The development of these studies is relevant both from scientific and practical points of view by conducting systematic re- search in the field of biomonitoring, bioindication, and biotesting in the arid zone of the country as a unified landscape system, considering the possibility of using the results obtained in the field of tasks the development needs of the current and prospective economy.

In this paper, by using the method of Electron Paramagnetic Reso- nance (EPR) spectroscopy, the influence of some stress factors (ionizing gamma radiation, radioactive contamination, and UV radiation) on C-3 (wheat) and C-4 (corn) plants has been investigated. Under the influence of stress factors on C-3 plants, a stimulating effect is observed in their development, and in C-4 plants, stress factors have the opposite, inhibitory effect on the development of these plants. It is assumed that this process is related with photorespiration - with a protective system that prevents an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) dur- ing stress in type C-3 plants. In addition, the work shows that the stress factor has a stimulating effect on the generation of biogenic nanophase magnetic particles (Fe3O4 - magnetite and γ-Fe2O3 - maghemite) and leads to the appearance of anomalous magnetic properties in living systems. This effect can be used in the synthesis of functional magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The results show that stress factors play a stimulating role in the formation of paramagnetic centers in biological systems. This effect of exposure can be used as a bioindication parame- ter in environmental assessment and monitoring.

The advancement of the vegetation cover of various regions can be considered as the most significant issue of commercial consequence. Plants that are less demanding on fertile soil, relevant for prevention of soil erosion, better purify the atmosphere and enrich it with oxygen have always been in the focus of researchers. From this point of view, the article is dedicated to the description of the perspective use of introduced species of coniferous plants in the greening and beautification of Absheron peninsula. The presented article is committed to the objective assessment of decorativeness coefficient of some coniferous plants introduced to the Absheron Peninsula. It is known that the formula calculation is very important for the comparative study of the decorative properties of different species coniferous plants used in landscaping since ancient times. For this purpose, the adapted form of the method proposed by Babich was developed and the decorative properties of a number of conifers were calculated.

Turkey contains a great variety of natural habitats, ranging from Mediterranean, Aegean, and Black Sea beaches to towering coastal and interior mountains, from deeply incised valleys to expensive steppes, from fertile alluvial plains to arid, rocky hillslopes. The richness in the diversity of habitats translates into richness in the biodiversity in Turkey. But, because of rapid human population growth (about 2.5% per year) and associated intensive or unwise utilization of natural resources and habitats the biodiversity of Turkey is deteriorating. Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey is rich in biodiversity compared to other regions. The east west oriented, parallel ranges of the Northern Anatolian Mountains run in the southern part of the Eastern Black Sea. Climate change will significantly influence the biodiversity of the region according to future climate scenarios for the region. We used existing literature related to flora and future climate of the region and field observations done in the different times to assess biodiversity in the region. Future climate of the region has been predicted by the Dalfes et al. (2007) using RegCM3 regional climate model. The region has total of around 2500 plant species and 386 of them are endemic. High mountain areas in Artvin, Rize and Trabzon are the places rich in endemism. Eight of the endemics are in the critically endangered list of IUCN while 55 are in endangered list in the region. The numbers of total species in each city are 1219 for Artvin, 747 for Rize, 894 for Trabzon, 457 for Giresun and 301 for Ordu. Numbers of endemic species in each city are 119 for Artvin, 74 for Rize, 70 for Trabzon, 54 for Giresun and 19 for Ordu. According to future climate scenarios, the eastern part of the region will get 200-300 mm increases in precipitation, while the western part won't have any increase in precipitation in the next century. The temperatures will increase 2-4 °C in the region in the next century according to RegCM3 regional climate model. Both plant belts and tree line will change under the current climate scenarios for the region. The influence of these changes on diversity in the region will be important and will vary according to site conditions.

The use of nanotechnology in agricultural practice has great potential to increase crop yields. The effects of n anoparticles on seed germination, growth stimulation, metabolic rate, biochemical and physiological processes have been studied in detail in a number of scientific studies. In this studies, it has been shown that the treatment seeds of corn by nanoparticles improved the physiological and biochemical parameters of plants under drought. The effect of nanoparticles Fe2O3, ZnO and TiO2 (size = 18.05 nm) at concentration 1.0 ppm was investigated to improve drought tolerance. The leaves and stems of the seedlings of corn (Zea mays L.) in different stages of growing were used for assessing various physiological and biochemical traits. The middle portion of the leaf was used for chlorophyll composition and enzyme activity studies. In experiments, the effect of nanoparticles on the seed germination, enzyme guaiacol peroxidase (GPx) activity, chlorophyll content in the leaves were determined. The nanoparticles positively affected growth, chlorophyll contents and enzymatic antioxidants.

İn recent times considerable concern has been addressed to accepting the benefits of plant compounds and for creating a natural lifestyle. In the presented manuscript the herbal cosmetic products used in Turkiye have been evaluated. In all 140 plant taxa were investigated from the traditional uses.The results revealed that 40 were used for hair care, 28 as photoprotective agents, 25 for hair loss, 24 for skincare, 19 as perfumes, 17 for bad breath, 11 for dandruff, 10 for making soap, 7 for the mouth and dental hygiene, 6 against foot odor/sweating, and 4 for other purposes. The most commonly used herbal cosmetic plant taxa are; walnut (Juglans regia), common nettle (Urtica dioica), grape (Vitis vinifera), chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), and true laurel (Laurus nobilis). Walnut is most commonly used to treat the hair loss, the toothpick-plant (Ammi visnaga) in moral hygiene and the chaste tree (Vites agnus-castus) to decrease odor and sweating in feet.

The article provides information on the discovery of new spreading ar- eas in the Botanical-geographical regions of Absheron and Gobustan, as well as phytocenoses formed in the middle part of the Caspian coast. In this regard, the “map on the new distribution area of plant species in the botanical-geographical regions of the Caspian coast” of those species registered in the vegetation cover of the territory was com-piled for the first time on the scale of 1:600000, as well as “map of the middle part of the Caspian coast” 1:5000. Ecological-geobotanic studies and systematic taxon studies were carried out in the middle part of the Caspian coast. During ecologicalgeobotanic researches in the central part of the Caspian coast in Ab-sheron and Gobustan botanical-geographical regions new distribution areas of the following species have been identified: Suaeda forrsk be- longing to the family. Chenopodiaceae Vent ex. Suaeda heterophylla Kar.et Kir belonging to Scop genus, Atriplex turcmenica (Moq.) Boiss belonging to Atriplex L., Salsola nitraria Pall., in the genus Salsola L., Erysimum caspicum N. Busch be- longing to Brassicaceae Burnett. Family, Erysimum L. genus, Astragantha falca- tus Lam. belonging to Fabaceae Lindl. Family, Astracantha Podlech.genus and Scrophularia divaricata Lebed belonging to Scrophulariacae Juss. Family and Scrophularia genus.