Evaluation and inheritance of several characters in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) crosses
1989
Ghosheh, H.Z.S.
Agronomic importance and inheritance of grain yield, yield components and morpho-physiological traits were investigated in three durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) crosses (Hourani x Mexicali 75; Njoro 227 x Hourani and Yamuna x Mexicali 75) in two years. These crosses were evaluated in season 1986/87 in a space-planted experiment, whereas in 1987/88 they were studied in two locations in replicated solid-seeded experiments. Heritability estimates in the broad sense and genetic advances were relatively higher in the first season when the observations were made on individual F4 and F5 plants. Genetic parameters for grain and biological yield, as well as for grain yield components were intermediate or low for these crosses in the F5 and F6 generations studied in the second season. However, plant height, peduncle length and heading date had high heritability estimates. Both flag leaves and awns contributed to grain yield, with awn length having higher heritability. In general narrow-sense heritability estimates were lower than broad-sense heritability values. Protein content, tested at the second season, was dependent on the environment. The seedling traits, evaluated in the above season, needed further investigation to detect their real potential as criteria for selection. The study showed that grain yield is highly influenced by the environment and indirect selection based on correlated traits is preferable. Thousand kernel weight, plant height, peduncle length and earliness are good selection criteria under moisture-limited conditions. Hourani x Mexicali 75 and its reciprocal cross gave the best segregates and had several stable high yielding lines
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