Early screening of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) for dought resistance
1988
Soja, G. (Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf (Austria). Department of Agriculture) | Soja, A. | Zarghami, R. (Universitaet fuer Bodenkultur Wien (Austria). Agronomy and Plant Breeding Inst.)
In a nutrient solution test 10 cultivars of faba bean were exposed to increasing levels of osmotic stress obtained by additon of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000. Seedling behaviour was analysed at -4.8, -7.8, and -12.7 x 10** (5) Pa, corresponding to mild, moderate, and severe stress, respectively. Treated and control plants were analysed for growth, gas exchange, abscisic acid (ABA) content, and leaf water and osmotic potential. Cultivars differed significantly in their sensitivity to drought stress. To compare the results of hydroponic tests with field reaction, six cultivars were further tested in the field by growing them with and without irrigation. Significant correlation was found between grain yield in the moisture stress situation in field and specific parameters measured on plants grown in nutrient solution (r = 0.61 to 0.91 for gas exchange and ABA concentrations). Correlation was even better (r = 0.71 to 0.93) when a large seeded cultivar (Optica) that escaped natural drought stress in the field because of early maturity was excluded from the computation. The results indicate that screening of faba bean with PEG in nutrient solution can be done quickly and provides sufficiently reliable results for characterizing the drought tolerance in faba bean
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