Effect of high temperatures on the development and yield of wheat and practices to reduce deleterious effects
1988
Rawson, H.M. (CSIRO, Canberra (Australia). Div. of Plant Industry)
Yield potential for wheat at hot locations is dependent on the photothermal quotient. This quotient changes monthly, reaching its highest level as photoperiod is increasing most rapidly. Matching the floret formation stage between terminal spikelet appearance and heading to this time optimizes yield. High temperature has minimal effects on plant time and therefore on the potential number of organs produced by the plant. These are determined by genotype and photoperiod. Its major effect is on the calendar time required to complete each stage and therefore on the rate at which the growth resources of radiation, water, and nutrients are required to satisfy potential growth. If growth resources are not supplied at the increased rate demanded by increased temperature, the size of the organs is reduced. Because potential yield is accumulated progressively through tillers, spikelets, florets, and the grain, with overlap between stages, growth resources can be manipulated at any stage of plant time to affect the appropriate yield component. This papers discusses the conditions to get high yields, the requirements for water, and the effects of restrictive environments on crop growth, as well as the importance of improving agronomy in the early stages of growth, and selecting a genotype to match the expected growth conditions
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