Assessment of different barley cultivars (Hordeum vulgare L.) to moisture stress under greenhouse and field conditions
1989
Abu-Shriha, N.I.A.
The greenhouse experiment, 1986/87, was conducted for testing barley tolerance to five permanent soil matric potentials (m= -50.66, -101.33, -202,65, -303,98, -405.30 kPa). Results indicated that reduction in m resulted in the progressive reduction in plant height, grain and straw yield and number of grains per pot. The effect of m on the grain yield of the two cultivars was fitted to Mass and Hoffman model. The threshold m was 0 kPa for both cultivars, thus indicating a linear reduction in the grain yield with decreasing soil m. Slopes for the linear reduction in yield were 16 and 22 % for ACSAD-176 and Local Selection cultivars. The highest water use efficiency was 0.76 and 0.51 kg grain/kg irrigation water, corresponding to m of -303.98 kPa. Such results indicated the superiority of the ACSAD-176 with respect to drought tolerance. In the field experiment, 1986/87 and 1987/88, soil moisture stress was imposed by terminating irrigation at three growth stages (booting, heading, milking). The control treatment represented continual supplemental irrigation totaling 69 and 50 mm over the growing periods of the two seasons. Sensitivity to moisture stress was greatest following early stress (booting). All the traits studied were suppresed except thousand-grain weight, number of spikes per m2, stand establishment percentage, grain to straw ratio. Termination of irrigation at booting and heading decreased yield and was mainly due to reducing the numbers of grains/spike. Beecher cv. showed higher total dry weight, grain and straw yields under adequate irrigation. In the 87/88 season, of relatively high rainfall, the Local selection was the superior cv. Max yield will require utilizing continuous supplemental irrigation
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