Integrated weed management in upland rice [Philippines]
1988
Llagas, M.A. | Nantasomsaran, P. | De Datta, S.K. (International Rice Research Inst., Los Banos, Laguna (Philippines))
Two upland rice experiments were conducted at the IRRI [International Rice Research Inst., Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines] farm to 1) compare the efficiency of farmer's practice and combinations of chemical and mechanical means of weed control, and 2) evaluate the effect degree of tillages, cultivar, and weed control on weed growth and grain yield of rice. In the first experiment, two hand weedings best controlled the weeds but this was the most expensive. One hand weeding was as costly, but when combined with either butachlor, kalmot (drag harrow) or lithao (wooden furrower), cost of weed control was considerably reduced and was as effective as two hand weedings. The farmer's practice of kalmot followed by lithao followed by kalmot was less expensive but was the least efficient in controlling weeds. In the second experiment, weed density was lower with the tall traditional variety Kinandang Patong than with the short varieties. Kinandang Patong competed better with weeds. It also gave the highest leaf area index (LAI) and dry matter production with pendimethalin followed by 2,4-D and hand weeding. In untreated plots, LAI and dry matter production did not significantly differ among four test varieties. In hand weeded plots, LAI and tiller number of rices were higher with minimum tillage (1 plowing +2 rotovations). In chemical-treated and untreated plots, LAI and tiller number did not differ among the three tillage levels. Hand weeding gave higher grain yields than did the chemical treatment, no grain yield was obtained in untreated plots.
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