Incidence of stalk rot on corn as influenced by different cultural practices [Philippines]
1987
Bayoran, T.C. | Exconde, O.R. (Southern Mindanao Univ., Kabacan, North Cotabato (Philippines))
This study was conducted at the Southern Mindanao Agricultural Research Center, University of Southern Mindanao [Philippines] to determine the effect of different cultural practices such as population density, tillage, and weed control practices on the occurence of stalk rot, and to evaluate the effect of stalk rot on the yield of corn. Increasing population density of corn from 50,000 to 90,000 plants/ha did not significantly affect the percentage infection of stalk rot in the field. In tillage and weed control practices, the highest infection was obtained from plots subjected to off-barring and hilling-up operations. Apparently, cultivation of the field and spread of the disease increased severity of infection. Highest corn yield was obtained from the population of 80,000 plant/ha with a mean yield of 5633.66 kg/ha and 4721.65 kg/ha in wet and dry season trial, respectively. Stalk rot was high at 90,000 plants/ha and reduced significantly the yield of corn. Plots subjected to the off-barring, hilling-up, and hand weeding had 3371.64 kg/ha in wet season and 4155.33 kg per ha in dry season, respectively. Handweeded plots on the other hand, yielded 5519.49 and 5863.2 both in wet and dry season trials, respectively. The lowest yield of 2323.16 kg/ha in wet and 3040.86 kg/ha in dry season was obtained from unweeded plots. The reduction in yield due to stalk rot was higher in plots with high population of 90,000 plants/ha. Plots that were cultivated had higher losses compared to plots which were not cultivated. The different cultural practices adopted in growing corn influenced stalk rot incidence and consequently the yield of corn.
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