Environmental conditions required to induce preharvest aflatoxin contamination of groundnuts: summary of six years' research
1989
Cole, R.J. | Sanders, T.H. | Dorner, J.W. | Blankenship, P.D.
Studies were conducted at Dawson, Georgia, USA during 6 consecutive crop years using six environmentally controlled plots on preharvest contamination of groundnuts. The role of temperature and moisture in preharvest aflatoxin contamination of groundnuts was established. The studies showed that groundnuts do not become contaminated with aflatoxins in the absence of severe and prolonged drought stress in spite of invasion levels of up to 80 per cent by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Larger and more mature groundnut kernels required more drought stress to become contaminated than smaller and more immature kernels. Phytoalexin-based resistance explained the resistance in immature kernels, but did not explain the broader-based resistance observed in larger, more mature kernels. Studies during 1983 supported the hypothesis that preharvest contamination with aflatoxin originates mainly from the soil and not from the air via floral invasion
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