Aflatoxin research at the Indian National Research Centre for Groundnut
1989
Ghewande, M.P. | Nagaraj, G. | Reddy, P.S.
The potential of Aspergillus flavus isolates to produce aflatoxins, and the toxicity of their culture filtrates to germinating seeds and seedlings were studied. Isolates NRRL 3000 and V 3734/10 produced high levels of aflatoxins in culture. Commercial cultivars, advanced breeding lines, and wild Arachis species were screened for resistance to in vitro colonization of seeds by A. flavus isolates, and to aflatoxin production. Genotypes CGC 2, 1-4, CGC 7, S 230, derivatives of S230 + PI337394F, Latur 33 X PI337394F and the wild species Arachis cardenasii and Arachis duranensis were resistant to seed colonization by A. flavus. All genotypes of groundnut and three wild Arachis species supported high production of aflatoxins, but only trace levels were produced in A. cardenasii and A. duranensis. Aflatoxins were found in commercial groundnut cake and in de-oiled cake. Moisture intake capacity, levels of seed coat phenols, and protein content of seeds influenced aflatoxin contamination levels. Soaking seeds in various organic and inorganic substances was found to influence the degree of seed invasion by A. flavus and of aflatoxin production in in vitro inoculation tests. Several detoxification methods are examined
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