Potential of triticale in southern Brazil
1991
Baier, A.C. (EMBRAPA-CNPT, Passo Fundo, RS (Brazil). National Wheat Research Center)
Triticale introductions from all over the world have been continuously evaluated in southern Brazil since 1969. Even though vigorous growth and resistance to biotrophic pathogens were common, seed set, grain shriveling and susceptibility to necrotrophic diseases limited its yield potential. CIMMYT introductions showed better adaptation than those from other countries. The highest yield potentials were observed at altitudes above 500 m, where monthly average temperatures during tillering are between 12 and 14 (degree centigrade), soil organic matter content higher than 3.5 percent, soil pH between 4.5 and 5.5 and exchangeable aluminum from 0.5 to 3.0 me/dL of soil. Top yields of trials were increased from 2.3 t/ha in 1976 to more than 8 t/ha in 1989. This improvement has been attributed to the use of crop rotation, adequate N fertilization, sowing date and planting methods; breeding for better plant types, genetic resistance to scab and spot blotch and higher harvest indexes. Since wheat production has increased significantly, the market for triticale has been reduced. Improving triticale's baking quality and its potential as a feed grain is expected to increase demand in the near future
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