Physiological and morphological determinants of grain yield at different stages of plant growth in triticale
1991
Sharma, B.D. | Sandha, G.S. | Gill, K.S. | Dhindsa, G.S. (Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana (India))
Twelve triticale strains were evaluated for tillers per plant, plant height, aerial biomass, crop growth rate (CGR), leaf area index (LAI), leaf area ratio (LAR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area duration (LAD), ears per plant and dry weight per ear, and their influence on grain yield determined. Data for all characters except grain yield were recorded at five stages, each of 15-day duration, starting one month after sowing. Data on grain yield were taken at maturity. Grain yield had significant (P less than 0.05) positive associations with LAD and ear dry weight and significant negative association with tillers per plant, each at one stage only. Other important significant positive associations observed were: plant height with aerial biomass, LAI, LAD, ears per plant and dry weight per ear; aerial biomass with CGR, LAI, RGR, NAR, and LAD; NAR with CGR, RGR, ears per plant and dry weight per ear; CGR with RGR and dry weight per ear; and LAI with LAR and LAD. Important negative associations observed were: RGR with tillers per plant, LAI and ears per plant; LAR with CGR, RGR, NAR and ears per plant; between tillers per plant and plant height and between ears per plant and aerial biomass. Direct positive effects on grain yield observed at one or more stages of plant growth were of CGR, LAI, LAR, RGR, NAR, LAD and ear dry weight. However, plant height, tiller number, aerial biomass, LAI, LAR and CGR exerted negative effects on grain yield at one or more growth stages. In a number of cases, these direct effects were considerably modified by marked indirect effects of other characters on grain yield. Implications of these research findings have been discussed in triticale breeding
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