Physiological nitrogen use efficiency in annual crops for sustainable agriculture
1994
Rouanet M, Juan Luis (Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, Temuco (Chile). Estacion Experimental Carillanca)
The characterization of the physiological nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE) of wheat cultivars and maize hybrids growing under different N-fertilizer rates and N-sources was determined. At low nitrogen fertilizer supply, the wheat cultivars and maize hybrids evaluated produced grain with the highest physiological N use efficiency, 54-80 kg and 60-72 kg of grain per kg of nitrogen absorbed, respectively. Under the highest N-fertilizer applications, PNUE was the lowest, 25-31 and 20-30 kg of grain per kg of nitrogen absorbed for wheat and maize respectively. PNUE showed higher sensitivity than agronomic and recovery N use efficiency to sample genotypic and/or environmental effect. Wheat demonstrated genotypic effects in their PNUE responses, whereas maize hybrids demonstrated genotypic and environmental effects in their PNUE responses. Some of these highest PNUE values were presented along with higher grain yield which must be seen as a possibility to select N-efficient material adapted to sustainable agriculture. The present work relies on one of the concept of sustainable agriculture, which takes into account the general input-output ratio achieved in terms of improved use efficiency of nutrients by crops
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