Reduced herbicide use for weed control on irrigated rice in Korea
1994
Kim, S.C. (Yeongnam Crop Experiment Station, Milyang (Korea Republic))
Technologies for weed control that reduce herbicide use and environmental problems are reviewed. New herbicide technology, cultural weed control, allelopathic crop residues, and biological weed control methods used in Korea are discussed. Since herbicides were introduced in the early 1970s, reliance on butachlor has shifted the weed flora to harder-to-control species. New herbicide mixture of bensulfuron-methyl and pyrazosulfuron control the more troublesome weeds with one application and reduce the rate of herbicides use to less than one half. Several culture methods are very effective in suppressing weed growth: thorough and deep tillage, good water management, close plant spacing, and use of early-maturing and tall cultivars. However, many of these operations usually need additional labor and energy inputs. Crop residues of barley, wheat, oat, and Italian rye grass effectively control paddy weeds, particularly Potamogeton distinctus, a perennial broadleaf weed. These crop residues contain 4-6 phenolic compounds. A pathogen, Epicoccosorus nematosporus, which was identified from the perennial sedge Eleocharis kurogunai, has excellent potential to control this troublesome weed without causing any detrimental effects. The efficacy of this pathogen was as high as the herbicide bentazon. The plant growth regulator, paclobutrazol is another alternative that can control E. kuroguwai and reduce herbicide use
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