A study on diversity and total management of natural resources from the perspective of land conservation [in Japan]
1994
Ito, A. (Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo (Japan). Faculty of Agriculture) | Nakamura, F.
Synthesizing a wide range of natural resource management viewpoints into land use planning is a recent key-issue raised in forestry, agriculture, and river conservation fields. The objective of this paper is to show the basic concepts and framework of natural resource planning and management. The term of "natural resources" used here includes not only material resources such as timber, crops, and water, but also non-material resources such as traditional landscape and forest areas for soil and water conservation. For the past few decades, natural resources have been used from a single-purpose point of view. Rapid development in urban and rural areas after 1960 in Japan substantially deteriorated resource variability, which made the general public aware of the significance of natural resources as common property and of their environmental value. We propose the restriction of development to sustain natural resource diversity, which we believed to be a fundamental concept of management. Each resource requires different spatial and temporal extents for sustainable management. We clarify spatial scales of variable resources, and propose a hierarchical management scheme to maintain resource diversity. Furthermore, a temporal scale is discussed with respect to rotational land use which may sustain resource productivity
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