Influence of tillage and basal dressing on physical and chemical parameters and yield level in wheat-maize-sunflower rotation
1994
Similaru, E. | Duicu, I. (Institutul de Cercetari pentru Cereale si Plante Tehnice, Fundulea (Romania))
During 1987-1992 at Simnic Agricultural Research Station there were carried out experiments with the different tillage methods in wheat-maize-sunflower rotation on slight luvic brown reddish soil. The samples were taken in special places with cylinders of 100 cm3. In laboratory there were determined: apparent density (g/cm3), total porosity (), resistance to penetration (kgf/cm2) and hydraulic conductivity (mm/ha). Chemical parameters of soil (humus, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and pH in water) have been analysed on the arable layer 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depending on tillage and basal dressing. Physical constants of soil have optimal values at 20-30 cm depth where vegetation conditions are optimal, as compared to plots where the tillage was made with chisel cultivator by disking. Humus content changes depending on tillage, basal dressing and depth for sampling. It was established a positive correlation between humus content, quantity of nutritive elements and pH. An average for 5 years, tillage made with chisel cultivator by disking did not lead to diminution of the yield as compared to ploughing at 20-30 cm depth. In maize crops tillage with chisel cultivator determined the diminution of yield with 3-6 percent and in variant: 1 year ploughing at 30 cm depth and 3 years tillage with chisel cultivator - with 4 percent.
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