A study of spatio-temporal patterns of a tsetse guild Glossina palpalis, G. and G. nigrofusca (Diptera: Glossinidae) in preforestd area of Cote d'Ivoire, using triadic analysis
1997
Gouteux, J.P. (ORSTOM, Pau (France). Lab. de Mathematiques Appliquees) | Jarry, M. | Wagner, C.
The spatio-temporal pattern of a tsetse fly guild (Glossina palpalis, G. pallicera and G. nigrofusca) was analysed on a data set through trapping with biconical traps. The temporal dynamics of G. palpalis and G. pallicera (67 and 30 percent of trapped tsetse flies) are in opposite phases. A triadic analysis confirms these broad trends and allowed us to specify what emerges from a permanent pattern related to the habitat and what is linked to seasonal fluctuations. The analysis revealed the existence of G. nigrofusca sites, marginal species which represents 2.3 percent of trapped tsetse flies. Zones with high density of tsetse flies showed varied ecological pattern (mosaic forest-plantation, included savannas, tallweg with water hole). The two dominant species alternate in these areas, depending on human presence. G. palpalis is mainly associated with large settlements or villages, while G. pallicera is more often present when settlements are small or inexistent. Our analysis shows that other more complex interspecific interactions may help explain why the two species alternate. G. nigrofusca avoids inhabited areas. This multi-species approach reveals the importance of G. pallicera whose epidemiological role requires further studies.
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