In vitro maintenance of cassava
1997
Acedo, V.Z. (Visayas State Coll. of Agriculture, Baybay, Leyte (Philippines). Philippine Root Crops Research and Training Center)
Conservation of cassava germplasm in vitro is certainly important to complement field genebanks which has been faced with problems such as loss or damage of genotypes due to biotic and abiotic stresses, limited land area and high maintenance cost. With the use of meristems as starting explants, the genotypes stored in vitro would likely be disease-free. Results of the study on `Golden yellow' cassava revealed that the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with napthalene acetic acid, benzyaminopurine and gibberelic acid at 0.2 mg/L, 0.1 mg/L and 0.25 mg/L respectively induced the most rapid development of meristems into plantlets. The meristem-derived plantlets were ready for microporpagation after 2-3 months from inoculation. Rapid growth of nodal tissues in normal growth medium was observed with complete plantlets produced after 20 days from inoculation and became overgrown after three months. To further reduce maintenance costs in terms of consumable, the development of suitable slow growth medium was done. Nodal tissues showed a reduced growth rate in mannitol- or abscissic acid (ABA)-added medium. Shoot and root initiation were increasingly delayed with increasing concentration of the additives. However, high levels of mannitol (6 percent) of ABA (5-10 mg/L) caused increased mortality. The nodal tissues in 2 percent mannitol or a 1 mg/L ABA-added medium remained viable after 6.5 months of incubation. These tissues developed into normal plantlets when transfered to the normal growth medium
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