Breeding for foliar blight resistance in Heilongjiang Province, China
1998
Xiao Zhimin | Sun Lianfa | Xin Wenli (Crop Breeding Institute of Heilongjiang, Harbin, PR (China). Academy of Agricultural Sciences)
Foliar blight, black point, and root rot of wheat, caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana, B. triticicola, and Exserohilum monoceras, are the second most serious group of diseases in Heilongjiang province, China. Of the three pathogen strains, B. sorokiniana is the most important, accounting for more than 80 percent of fungal strains collected. Annual yield losses due to B. sorokiniana are estimated at 10-15 percent. Greatest damage occurs during the flowering to milk stages of the wheat plant. Disease severity is closely related to temperature and humidity, especially temperature several days before flowering. Breeding for resistance is the best means of reducing damage to wheat production in the province. Some germplasm and varieties with good B. sorokiniana resistance have been developed through cross breeding, resistance evaluation after artificial inoculation in the field and laboratory, and screening mutants by phytotoxin selection pressure and cell engineering. Since varieties with different maturation periods are exposed to different ecological conditions, they have different B. sorokiniana resistance levels, i.e., late varietiesmiddle varietiesearly varieties.
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