Storage lipid variability in promising coconut (Cocos nucifera L.), cultivars and hybrids: fatty acid/triacyglycerol composition
1999
Mendoza, E.M.T. | Rodriguez, F.M. | Laureles, L.R. | Caraos, M.A.A. | Reano, C.F. | Santos, G.A. | Laurena, A.C. (Philippines Univ. Los Banos, College, Laguna (Philippines). Inst. of Plant Breeding)
Better utilization of coconut oil is dependent on a more detailed analysis of its fatty acid and triacylglycerol profile. In this study, the fatty acid profile and triacylglycerol (TAG) compositions of the oils from the solid endosperm of different coconut cultivars and hybrids in the Philippines and the changes in fatty acid and TAG composition of the Laguna Tall coconut accompanying nut maturation were determined using gas chromatography (GC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The fatty acid composition showed lauric acid (C12) content ranging from 47.29 percent (PCA 15-5) to 50.45 percent (PCA 158). Lauric acid content was found significantly higher in PCA 15-8 and PCA 15-9 by as much as 3.0 percent points compared to other hybrids analyzed. HPLC chromatogram showed 8 major peaks which differ in carbon number (CN) by two, identified as TAG CN 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, and 44. CN 30 (4.08 percent) and CN 34 (19.91 percent) were found significantly higher in PCA 15-9 compared to other hybrids analyzed. Triacylglycerol profile in maturing coconut showed that CN 28-40 significantly increased while CN 38, 42 and 44 decreased as the nut matured. Young coconut gave oil with high C16 (20.68 percent) and C18:0, 18:1, 18:2 (36.10 percent) contents which decreased significantly as the nut reached the intermediate and mature stage. The results provide a rich data bank from which breeders, food scientist and growers can extract relevant information for further improvement of coconut and development of various food and feed products and use of appropriate cultivars and hybrids
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