Role of small indigenous fish species in food and nutrition security in Bangladesh
1997
Thilsted, S.H. | Roos, N. | Hassan, N. (Research Department of Human Nutrition, the Royal Veterinary (Denmark))
In Bangladesh, only 6 percent of the daily food intake is animal food of which fish accounts for about 50 percent. Rice is the main stay, making up 60 percent of the daily food intake. However, many nutrients such as vitamins A and C, iron, calcium, zinc and iodine are not found in rice and have to be obtained from other sources. Small indigenous fish are a vital contribution to the diet of the rural poor in Bangladesh, where more than 30,000 children go blind every year from vitamin A deficiency and 70 percent of women and children are iron-deficient. Small fish, which are less than 10 cm in length and usually eaten whole with the organs and bones, contain large amounts of calcium and possibly iron and zinc. The larger fish promoted in aquaculture do not contribute significantly to calcium intake. Some species also contain large amounts of Vitamin A. Much of the small indigenous fish (SIS) of Bangladesh are caught in floodplains and natural waterbodies. Small fish eaten frequently in small amounts and are more equally distributed among family members than big fish of which men get the larger share. Unfortunately, overfishing and the deterioration of natural habitats have resulted in a decline in SIS. When measures are taken to improve food and nutrition security, there should be a focus on production of small fish so that greater quantities are accessible for consumption by the rural poor
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