Effect of green manure residues on yield of mungbean as the third season crops in floaded land
1999
Adisarwanto, T. | Suhartina (Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian, Malang (Indonesia))
Английский. Due to of application of an-organic fertilizers continuously, without combination with organic fertilizer, soil fertility of lowland is decrease sharply. To maintain and stabilize soil fertility of lowland, fields experiment were conducted at Genteng (Banyuwangi) and soil type association Latosol/Regosol during two planting season with cropping pattern rice-legume (groundnut, mungbean and cowpea)-mungbean. In early season, rice crop was planted during June-September 1995. Randomized block design was used with four replications. There are 6 combination treatment of green manure (control, Sesbania 5 and 10 t/ha, Azolla 5 and 10 t/ha, Paitan 10 t/ha). IR64 was planted on plot size 3.5 m x 20 m with plant spacing 20 cm x 20 cm. After rice was harvested, three legumes: groundnut, mungbean and cowpea was planted following rice. At the beginning, plot size of rice 3.5 m x 20 m was divided by three blocks, and each block was 3.5 m x 6.5 m, and planted groundnut cv. Kelinci, mungbean cv. Betet, and cowpea cv. KT.4. Plant spacing showed that green manure was increased rice yield + 64 percent compare with control. Sesbania 5 t/ha or 10 t/ha was consistently better than Azolla and Paitan. Residual green manure did not significantly affect legumes yield on second season after rice. On the third season, mungbean was planted following groundnut, cowpea and mungbean. Betet variety was planted with plant spacing 30 cm x 20 cm, 2 seed/hill. Soil tillage was minimum and no green manure. Residual of 5 ton Sesbania applied at first season showed the highest yield compared with green manure Azolla or Paitan, but did not differ significanly with no green manure applications
Показать больше [+] Меньше [-]индонезийский. Akibat penggunaan pupuk organik secara terus-menerus tanpa dibarengi dengan pupuk organik menyebabkan tingkat kesuburan lahan sawah menurun cukup drastis. Untuk memperbaiki dan mempertahankan kesuburan tanah sawah, maka percobaan lapang telah dilaksanakan di Genteng (Banyuwangi), berjenis tanah asosiasi Latosol/Regosol selama tiga musim tanam dalam tiga macam pola padi-kacang, tanah-kacang hijau, padi-kacang hijau-kacang hijau dan padi-kacang tunggak-kacang hijau. Pada awal musim ditanami padi mulai bulan Juni-September 1995 dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok diulang empat kali. Terdapat 6 perlakuan pupuk hijau (kontrol, Sesbania 5/ta dan 10 t/ha, Azolla 5 t/ha dan 10 t/ha dan Paitan 10 t/ha). Varietas padi IR64 ditanam pada petakan ukuran 3,5 m x 20 m dengan jarak tanam 20 cm x 20 cm. Semua perlakuan dipupuk dasar 300 kg Urea + 100 kg TSP + 100 kg KCl/ha. Penambahan pupuk hijau dapat meningkatkan hasil padi sebanyak 54-73 persen, sedangkan kenaikan takaran dari 5 ton menjadi 10 ton/ha tidak berpengaruh terhadap hasil padi. Setelah panen padi kemudian ditanami kacang tanah, kacang hijau dan kacang tunggak. Petak bekas tanaman padi ukuran 3,5 m x 6 m. Tiap petak ditanami kacang tanah (Kelinci), kacang hijau (Betet) dan kacang tunggak (KT.4). Jarak tanam 40 cm x 10 cm tanpa dilakukan pemupukan. Pada panenan yang kedua ternyata residu pupuk hijau tidak mampu meningkatkan hasil kacang-kacangan tidak terjadi perbedaan dibanding perlakuan 2 tanaman/rumpun. Residu pupuk hijau ternyata masih berpengaruh terhadap hasil kacang hijau, hanya pada pola padi-kacang hijau-kacang hijau sedangkan tidak ada pengaruh dari bekas kacang tanah dan kacang tunggak
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