The study of selenium and iodine contents of foods in endemic and non endemic goitre areas: the relationship between parameter of selenium and iodine parameter status on elementary school children

The research was carried out from July 1996 to April 1997 at Sekolah Dasar Negeri (SDN) Gunung Agung (representing on endemic area) and SDN Karang Harjo (representing on endemic area) Kulon Progo, Province of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. The objectives of research are to observe anthropometric status, food consumption patterns, selenium and iodine contents of foods, selenium and iodine intake, the relationship between selenium and iodine status of primary school children in endemic and non endemic goitre areas. Screening samples based on median in endemic area was 92 UEI/mega/l (mild Iodine Deficiency Disorders) and in non endemic area was 172 UEI/mega/l. A number of 60 school children participated as volunteer samples in this study. The results showed that using weight for age as an indicator of nutritional status of the children, the prevalence of severe and moderate malnutrition was 16.7 percent. Food consumption patterns showed that about 90 percent of the children in endemic area and 70 percent of children in non endemic area have meals as much as twice/day. Selenium and iodine contents of foods in endemic area were lower than those found in non endemic area. Iodine intake in endemic area was about 60.4 mega gram/man/day and in non endemic area was about 129.27 mega gram/man/day, whereas selenium intake in endemic area was about 50.97 mega gram/man/day and in non endemic area was about 203.3 g/man/day. T4 content of serum of sample living in endemic area was about 125.10 n mol/l. TSH concentration of serum taken from sample living in endemic area was about 2.49 mega IU/l and in non endemic area was about 2.36 mega IU/l. Selenium content of serum of sample taken from endemic area was about 30.73 ppb whereas that from non endemic area was about 50.207 ppb. Iodine intake in endemic area were closely related with T4 hormone in serum and UEI, while in non endemic area TSH hormone in serum and UEI were closely related with iodine intake. Selenium intake in non endemic area influenced selenium status in serum. Selenium serum in endemic area influenced T4 and TSH hormone