Fumonisin B1 in corn (Zea mays L.) and the physical factors affecting its production by Fusarium moniliforme
1999
Rallos, L.E.T.E.
Extraction of fumonisin B1 cornmeal was done using methanol: water (3:1). Detection was performed by thin layer chromatography on silica gel plates developed with chloroform: methanol:acetic acid (6:3:1). The mold WC1, isolated from corn kernels and identified to be Fusarium moniliforme, was found to be a fumonisin producer at 20-28 deg C on cornmeal medium incubated in the dark under shaken and non-shaken conditions. A basal salts medium appeared as a poor medium for toxin production. Phytotoxicity tests were also carried out on corn using the toxin extracts. These include effects on percent germination, time of germination, length from radicle to plumule of germinated corn seeds and size of necrotic lesions on corn leaves. The length from radicle to plumule of germinated corn seeds for all the extracts was significantly different from the control but not among treatments. In the case of necrotic lesions, only extracts from cornmeal medium without shaking (21st day incubation) and from basal salts medium with shaking (21st day of incubation) significantly caused appearance of lesions. The toxin extracts did not cause marked effect on corn based on the other parameters, i.e., percent and time of germination. The cornmeal extract (unshaken, incubated for 21 days) appeared to be non-toxic to mouse fibroblast
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