Study of the Kamphaeng Saen beef breed performance by small farmers in Amphoe Kamphaeng Saen, Don Tum and Bang Len under the extension project of Changwat Nakhon Pathom
1997
Pinit Rittirote
Nakhon Pathom Administrative Organization has launched a beef production project to reduce rice-growing area in the province. The farmers were selected from each Amphoe of the Kamphaeng Saen, Bang Len and Don Tum. They were trained and leased Brahman cross cows which were at least three months pregnanted. When they received the calves from the cows. They had to breed the cows with the Charolais semen and pregnanted at least three months before releasing to another group of the farmers. From all calves which were born during the project, only the good performance calves were registered by the Kamphaengsaen Beef Breeders' Association. Most of the farmers were between 41-50 years old and finished elementary education level. Each family consisted of 3-6 members holding an average of 10.85 rai and had 1-5 year experience in raising cattle. Apart of 5 cows from the project they also own an average of 22 cattle per household. Most of the farmers adopted field grazing method while the rest used pen confining method. The body condition of the cattle using the first method were better than those of the pen confining method. For example weaning weight and yearling weight were higher. In addition, the estrous and conception rate were better. When firstly received, the animals were in better body condition at level 7 and gradually decreased as level 6.33, 4.96, 4.36 and 3.93, respectively, due to a lower nutritional intake. These condition affected the estrous period and the conception rate which were 203.84 and 235.75 days, respectively. As for the weight, they were also decreased as weaning weight was averagedly 137.30 and yearling weight was averagedly 209.08 kgs. The price of the calves sold were also affected. They were not able to sell as breeding animal. However, in those with better body condition score not lower than 5, the first estrous and the conception rate was about ninety days. In conclusion it seemed difficult to push the Brahman cross cows one calf a year production.
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