Crop production and soil management practices for improving yield of corn and sorghum
1992
Rachain Thiraporn | Pipat Weerathaworn | Surapol Chaochong (Kasetsart Univ., Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Agriculture. Dept. of Agronomy)
In this report, 3 agronomic research results are presented, including (1) corn plant density experiment (2) response of different corn varieties on nitrogen stress and (3) response of different corn varieties on drought stress. The results are illustrated as follow : The increase of population density up to 10,650 plants per rai tended to increase yield but the number of ears per plant, ear weight and ear size decrease in accordance with the increase of plant density. The increase of population density could acheived the highest yield by applying fertilizer at appropriation rate. The field experiments revealed that the increase of fertilizer rate from 10 to 25 kg of 16-20-0 per rai gave the highest economics return. But. the high planting rate incorporate with high rate of fertilizer could reduce marginal rate of return because of higher seed cost and labour cost with was not profitable management. Furthermore, the soilage yield of field corn at 90 days increased in accordance with the increase of plant density up to 14,200 plants per rai along with fertilizer application. But grain yield were decrease as the increase of plant density. The increase of nitrogen fertilizer could increase grain yield. The nitrogen stress tolerance improving lines (Across 8328 C3) tended to higher yield than the early cycle (Across 8328 C0). Two experiments in the early rainy season revealed that the grain yield of corn under weekly irrigation gave higher yield than those in rainfed condition 44.9 and 25.2 percent, depending on genetic material. During drought stress in the early rainy season could delay flowering date and increase ASI value as well. Some agronomic characters such as plant height, ear width, ears per plant, 1000 seed weight and shelling percentage were defected in both experimental plots.
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