The content and quality of organic matter in cambisol in a long-term no-tillage system
2001
Horacek, J. | Ledvina, R. | Raus, A. (Jihoceska Univ., Ceske Budejovice (Czech Republic). Zemedelska Fakulta)
A long-term field trial was conducted at Schwandorf (FRG) to determine some quality and quantity parameters of soil organic matter in soil profiles to a depth of 0.55 m, split to 0.05 m sequences, under Horsch no-tillage system for about 30 years and parallelly under a tillage system used nearby. All other cultural practices on experimental plots. The values of the main parameters of soil organic matter in no-tillage variant decreased slowly and steadily from surface to deepest sequences. In tilled variant these values were steady from surface to sequence 0.3 m, then they fell steeply to a relatively low level. The contents of total carbon, carbon of humic substances and hot water-soluble carbon are comparable in both variants for the total of the sequences to 0.3 m, but they are lower in tilled variant for the total of the sequences 0.3-0.5 m. At sequences below 0.5 m the values of soil organic matter parameters are steady at a practically identical level. A similar trend was observed in the color quotient of humic substances, which indicates increasing condensation of HS at deeper sequences in both variants, and it is also confirmed by a humic to fulvic acid ratio HA:FA. The presence and steady distribution of primary organic matters at deeper layers of no-tillage variant is documented by a degree of humification Dh. The experimental results demonstrate that the long-term use of no-tillage system led to an increase in the total content of organic matters in the soil, to their more favourable overall composition especially in the subsoil and more steady distribution in the soil profile than in tilled control.
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