Soil productivity potential and cropping profitability in Slovakia
2001
Vilcek, J. (Vyskumny Ustav Podoznalectva a Ochrany Pody, Bratislava (Slovak Republic))
Based on yield data of 281 agricultural subjects of the Slovak Republic in period 1990-1998, by the help of non-linear polynomic regression analyses, the yield dependence on soil productivity potential was determined in the paper. Highly evident yield and soil productivity potential was confirmed. The highest dependence for the balanced 265 data set was shown for winter wheat and spring barley. Relatively lowest is the dependence for potatoes and ensilage maize. By the soil units aggregation into proper categories, there were expressed yields of main agricultural crops (winter wheat, winter rye, spring barley, maize, pea, rape, potatoes, sugar beet, silage maize and perennial fodder crops). Their dependence not only on soil types, farmland typological-productivity categories, climatic region, sloping and soil erosion risk, was expressed. The results prove instructively that the highest productivity potential by soil type in Slovakia belongs to Chernozems followed by Phaeozems, Orthic Luvisols, Fluvisols, Regosols, Luvisols, Pseudogleys, Cambisols and finally Rendzinas. Without governmental subsidies, approximately 60 % soils are not profitable for maize and sugar beet, respectively. Regarding potatoes, it is almost 75 %. Generally, it can be stated for the crop production, that without subsidies there are in Slovakia, at the present economical situation, 54.4 % soils not profitable, 13.9 % of low profitability, 7.3 % medium profitable, 10.6 % highly profitable and 13.8 % very highly profitable.
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