The influence of tree decline on yields of new genotypes of apricots and some cultivars of the world collection (Prunus armeniaca)
2001
Vachun, Z. (Mendelova Zemedelska a Lesnicka Univ., Lednice na Morave (Czech Republic). Zahradnicka Fakulta)
Tree decline and fruit-bearing were evaluated in an experimental orchard with 21 apricot genotypes on M-LE-1 rootstock (Prunus armeniaca) from the year of planting in 1993 to 2000. Fifty trees of each genotype were planted in a long row. Ideal yield (by the full number of trees per hectare) and real yield (inclusive of actual decline of trees) were evaluated each year. There were normal conditions for apricot fruit-bearing only in 1996 and 1999 over the period 1996-2000. Significantly lower fruit-bearing was typical of the other years. A bumper crop was obtained in 1999, when the average per-hectare yield amounted to 24.3 t/ha (17.5 t/ha in the control cultivar Velkopavlovicka). Real yields per hectare, inclusive of the actual decline, were also high at that year (18.4 t/ha on average). The crop was low in the years less favorable for fruit-bearing, many times below 1.0 t/ha. In spite of this, the real average crop over 1996-2000 was 5.7 t/ha. A highly significant correlation was determined between ideal and real yields per hectare. The percentage of tree decline, sometimes called vitality, was not in a significant correlation with individual fruit-bearing per tree in kg. The highest-yielding genotypes were those with highest proportions of crops in total fruit-bearing in unfavorable years.
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