68. General session of the International Committee. Paris, 22-26 May 2000. Advances in the diagnosis, control and eradication of bovine tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis) in domestic and wild animals | 68. Session générale du Comité international de l'OIE. Paris, 22-26 mai 2000. Progrès récents dans le diagnostic, la prohylaxie et l'éradication de la tuberculose bovine (Mycobacterium bovis) chez les animaux domestiques et sauvages | 68. Sesion general del Comite internacional. Paris, 22-26 de mayo de 2000. Avances en materia de diagnostico, control y erradicacion de la tuberculosis bovina (Mycobacterium bovis) en animales domesticos y salvajes
2001
Livingstone, P.G. ((Animal Health Board, Wellington (Nouvelle Zélande)))
This paper provides an update on recent advances in the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis (TB), use of epidemiological tools, vaccination against TB and management of wild animal sources of infection. More sensitive and specific methods of diagnosis in the form of whole blood and serological tests, combined with more rapid means of identifying Mycobacterium bovis through liquid culture or polymerase chain reaction testing, will improve the effectiveness of TB diagnosis. A range of epidemiological analyses and DNA fingerprinting techniques, provide improved methods to target control efforts. Low-dose BCG (bacille Calmette-Guérin) vaccine does provide protection for both cattle and farmed deer from challenge with M. bovis, and a test appears to be able to discriminate between vaccinated and infected animals. The outcome of future vaccine research will provide control options for countries that currently lack a compulsory TB control programme, or have wild animal reservoirs of infection. Wild animal reservoirs of TB present an obstacle to eradication of the disease from cattle in some countries. Controlling TB in these countries is dependent on maintaining the wild animal TB reservoir population at low densities for extended periods. Cost or environmental concerns may preclude this option in some countries. Vaccination of the wild animal reservoir population is a future option for control
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