A study of variety by management interaction in bread wheat varieties released in Ethiopia
1999
Amsal Tarekegne | Tanner, D.G. | Taye Tessema | Chanyallew Mandefro
Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties released in Ethiopia have been observed to differ in response to crop and pest management inputs. Field trials were conducted during the 1995 and 1996 cropping seasons at three locations in the central highlands of Ethiopia to determine the agronomic and economic performance of adapted bread wheat varieties under contrasting management systems. The trials were implemented in a split plot design with eight wheat varieties (V) arranged as subplots within three (Low, Standard, and High) management systems (M). The main effects of M and V were significant on all crop parameters at all three locations when combined over years. Averaged over locations and years, the application of higher levels of crop management inputs increased grain yields by 103percent for standard and 160percent for high management systems relative to the low management system. MxV interaction was significant for a1l crop parameters considered except stand count and spike density at one or two locations. The grain yield responses of the four tall varieties to increased input levels appeared to be minimal. The semi-dwarf varieties Dashen and HAR 710 exhibited dramatic enhancements of grain yield as crop input levels were increased. The semi-dwarf varieties HAR 604 and HAR 1685 exhibited high productivity across a1l management systems, producing the highest marginal benefits in a1l three management systems and the highest marginal rates of return for increased input levels. It is concluded that the profitability of wheat production in the central highlands of Ethiopia can be increased by adopting improved crop management practices in conjunction with input-responsive and stable bread wheat varieties.
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