Hop wilt caused by Fusarium species
2002
Djuric, T.
Foliar chlorosis and wilting of hop plants have been noticed in many hop gardens around the Vojvodina Province, Serbia (Yugoslavia). Fusarium fungi have been isolated most frequently from the samples of infected plants. They appear to be predominantly responsible for the observed infections. The fungi first colonize the underground plant parts (roots, crown and rootstalks) and the basal part of the stem, from where they disperse and attack the neighboring vascular tissues. The interrupted delivery of water and nutrients to the terminal plant parts causes chlorosis, necrosis and wilting first of the apical leaves and then of lower leaves. The infected bines are thinner than the healthy ones and are easily snapped from the underground parts. Infected individual bines or entire plants may wilt. Laboratory researches and pathogenicity tests showed several Fusarium species: Fusarium exysporum, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium proliferatum and Fusarium acuminatum as the causal agents of hop wilting. Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium culmorum were most frequently isolated. Isolates pathogenicity was tested in the field, by inoculating hop cuttings and shoots. Best results were obtained with the inoculation of cuttings by injury and the growing inoculated plants in pots in sterilized styrofoam grains.
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