Microbiological fertilizer use and study of biological activity for soil protection purposes
2004
Milic, V. (Naucni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad (Serbia and Montenegro)) | Jarak, M. | Mrkovacki, N. | Milosevic, N. | Govedarica, M. | Djuric, S. | Marinkovic, J.
Microorganisms are widely spread around nature in the soil, water and air as well as on plants and animals and are a crucial link in the chain of matter circulation on the planet. They are the most important component of the biological soil phase and an important indicator of soil fertility and soil degradation. Soil microbiological processes are dependent on the organic matter content, while the fertility of a given soil type is connected with the activity of its microflora. Knowing the metabolism of a microorganism enables the direction of microbiological processes by application of useful microorganisms to maintain and enhance soil biological activity, i.e. soil biogenicity. An increase of acreage in legumes requires that a wider use of microbiological fertilizers to maintain and increase soil fertility be considered. Results of legume nitrogen fixation suggest that fixed nitrigen makes a large annual contribution to yield, which justifies the use of highly effective strains in microbiological fertilizers, enables the replacement of nitrogen from mineral fertilizer with biological nitrogen, and has economic and environmental effects as well. The incorporation of microorganisms causes no soil pollution. reduces the use of mineral nitrogen fertilizer, contributes to the production of environmentally safe food, improves the soil structure, increases the organic matter content and positively affects physical soil properties.
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