Variability of susceptibility of banana to wound anthracnose, a postharvest disease due to the fungus Colletotrichum musae
2001
Chillet, M. | de Lapeyre de Bellaire, L. (CIRAD-FHLOR, Neufchateu, Sainte Marie, 97130 Capesterre Belle Eau, Guadeloupe (French West Indies))
Wound anthracnose is a postharvest disease which develops during storage and ripening of bananas. In the French West Indies, it mainly occurs on fruit coming from plantations situated on soils at low altitude, during the second half of the year. It is caused by a pathogenic fungus, Colletotrichum musae. A diagnostic survey was carried out in 106 plots representative of all the soil/climatic conditions and techniques in Guadeloupe in order to assess the variability of fruit susceptibility to wound anthracnose. Secondly, the effect of mineral nutrition on the susceptibility was analyzed for the soil/climatic zone where anthracnose problem is most serious. For this purpose, 54 plots on halloysitic and ferralitic soils were chosen by including in the selection plots from all cultural situations. This study has brought to light a wide variation in the susceptibility of bananas to C. musae. Fruit from high altitude plantations are the least susceptible. On low altitude soils where the most variability is observed, a relationship was round between Mn content of fruit and susceptibility to anthracnose. The plants producing the most susceptible fruit had high foliar Mn concentrations and low Ca concentrations, and had grown on rather acid soils. Hyphotheses for the physiological mechanisms involved in the susceptibility of the fruit are discussed
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