Control of insect pests in bagged sorghum under gas-proof sheets by two phosphine releasing products
2000
Shazali, M.E. (Grain Storage Research Unit, Shambat Research Station, Khartoum (Sudan)
Field scale fumigation trials were conducted in two modern warehouses in Gedaref Town (Sudan) on four stacks of bagged sorghum, variety Feterita. Each stack, containing 10 tons, was fumigated under gas-proof sheets with aluminium phosphide tablets; either quickphos (United Phosphorus-India) or phostoxin (Degesch-Germany). The dosages used were 3 and 4 tablets/ton (1.8 and 2.4 g phosphin/m3) with an exposure period of 5 days. Standard procedures for applying fumigants and monitoring effectiveness were followed. Detailed assessment of the effects of fumigation, on both field populations and introduced test insects, were made. The temperature inside the stacks was 23-32.5 deg C and the ambient relative humidity (r.h.) was 53%. Residual phosphine concentrations of 425 and 200 ppm were obtained in the higher and lower dosages, respectively, of each of the two fumigants. The trials demonstrated that either fumigant, at both dosages, effectively and completely (100% mortality) controlled all developmental stages, of all insects present. A dosage of 3 tablets/ton (1.8 g phosphine/m3) for both fumigants is recommended for disinfestation of stored bagged sorghum under gas-proof plastic sheets for an exposure period of 5 days with good sealing. The insects controlled were, Cryptolests ferrugimeus (Steph), Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Latheticus oryzae (L.), Trogoderma granarium (Everts.), Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.), Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Corcyra cephalonica (Staint.)
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