Marine fisheries of Thailand, with emphasis on the Gulf of Thailand trawl fishery
1998
Eiamsa-ard, M. | Amornchirojkul, S. (Department of Fisheries, Bangkok (Thailand). Southern Marine Fisheries Development Center)
Gulf of Thailand and Andaman Sea are the two major fishing areas of Thailand. Jointly covering 394,000 square km. The fisheries are diverse in size and type of operation, gear and techniques. In 1991, total fishery production reached about 2.5 million t, valued at 26 billion baht (US$ 1,040 million). Of this, the marine fisheries catches contributed about 82 percent. Catches in the Gulf consist of pelagic fishes (40 percent), demersal fishes (8 percent), shrimps (5 percent), squids (6 percent) and other groups including 'trash fish' (41 percent). The demersal fisheries have developed rapidly since trawling was introduced in the late 1960s. Registered trawlers increased from 3,206 units in 1970 to 15,037 in 1989. Demersal catches grew from 51,000 t in 1978 to 149,000 t in 1992. In 1992, demersal catches of 149,000 t and 58,000 t were recorded from the Gulf of Thailand and the Andaman Sea coast, respectively. However, demersal trawl serveys conducted since 1961 found that the average catch/effort decreased from 298 kg/hour in 1961 to 39 kg/hour in 1981; the decline continuing in later years. This paper reviews the status of Thailand's coastal environment and fishery resources. It emphasizes demersal fisheries and trawl serveys in the Gulf of Thailand.
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