[Agroecological assessment of mineral fertilizers according to influence thereof on soil system]
2002
Makarenko, N.A. (Ukrainian Acad. of Agrarian Sciences, Kyiv (Ukraine). Inst. of Agroecology and Biotechnology)
A new approach is proposed to assess a mineral fertilizer hazard according to effect thereof on the soil system. Provided are results of studying the possible negative influences of the mineral fertilizers on the agrosystems, in particular the soil constituent thereof. The role of mineral fertilizers in the processes of coming the toxic elements, belonging to the I and II class of the hazards, to the exchange pool of biogeochemical cycle of the agrosystems and the level of hazard of this process is found out. Studied are processes of intensive and extensive mobility of biochemically active elements, which are compounds of the mineral fertilizers, in the soils of different types. Soil tolerance to the pollution is determined according to the capability thereof to mobilize biochemically active elements. Processes of radial migration of chemical substances under different soil and climatic conditions are investigated depending on the level of loading an agrosystem with mineral fertilizers. Quantitative parameters of these processes and hazardous levels of the effect are found out. A possibility is studied to use these bioindication tests for agroecological assessment of mineral fertilizers taking into consideration the character of effect thereof on the soil system. Based on the theoretical generalizations, results of experimental studies and forecast calculations, ecological standardizing of negative effects of mineral fertilizers on the state of soil and relative ecosystems is carried out. According to the results of the ecological standardizing of the negative effects, a classification of mineral fertilizers is developed with the aim of carrying out agroecological assessment thereof
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