Paddy soil characteristics and soil potential for new agricultural land-use programme in Nakhon Sawan province
1997
Aphisak Phopan (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok (Thailand). Faculty of Agricultural Technology. Dept. of Soil Science)
Major land-use in the Central Plain Thailand is paddy field. This is due mainly to the suitable topographic sitting which is low terrain and usually flooding in rainy season. However, the Thai government is aware that the conflicts of water use are drastically increasing in the next decade. The new agricultural land-use programme was proposed. The major purpose of the programme is to develop paddy field to be horticultural crop, fruit tree area or mixed farming area. Before making decision about the use of paddy field or projecting estimates of their production potential, it is necessary to identify and study the soil in detail. The 8 soil profiles as Hin Kong, Khao Yoi, Khokkiean, Klaeng, Sanphaya, Sing Buri, Sri Songkhram and Sri Thep soil series in Nakhon Sawan province were studied in detail to determine their potential use and land capability. The field morphological characteristics and chemical properties of those soils were determined using the standard methods. The result showed that the soils are very well in terms of soil profile development. This resulted from the presence of clay bridge and cutan in lower horizon of those soil profiles. The grayish colour and subangular blocky structure in the soils are reflected of flooding and high organic matter. The soils have medium to high organic matter (1.5-3.97 g/kg), available phosphorus (11.7-19.9 mg/kg), available potassium (61.6-132.9 mg/kg) and cation exchange capacity (15.5-33.1 c mol/kg). While, all basic cations as calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium are very high base saturation percentage (more than 90 percent) in all soil profiles. This is due mainly to an influence of parent materials which are local alluvium of limestone and metamorphic rocks, especially mica-schist. The soils are very fertile and have high potential in agricultural use. However, the important issue than must be aware for fruit tree plantation is the flooding in rainy season.
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