Effect of spring barley protection on the production of Fusarium spp. mycotoxins in grain and malt using fungicides in field trials
Vanova, M.(Zemedelsky Vyzkumny Ustav, Kromeriz (Czech Republic))E-mail:[email protected] | Hajslova, J.(Vysoka Skola Chemicko-technologicka, Prague (Czech Republic)) | Havlova, P.(Vyzkumny Ustav Pivovarsky a Sladarsky, Brno (Czech Republic)) | Matusinsky, P.(Zemedelsky Vyzkumny Ustav, Kromeriz (Czech Republic)) | Lancova, K.(Vysoka Skola Chemicko-technologicka, Prague (Czech Republic)) | Spitzerova, D.(Zemedelsky Vyzkumny Ustav, Kromeriz (Czech Republic))
The effects of different fungicides in four-year trials with a susceptible variety of spring barley, which was grown in field conditions with two previous crops (sugar beet and corn) and artificially inoculated with spores of Fusarium, were investigated. The variety Kompakt which was very sensitive to Fusarium head blight (FHB) was used in field trials from 2000 to 2003. Incidence and severity of FHB and control with fungicides were measured by deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination of grain and malt. The concentration of Fusarium trichothecenes was evaluated in one fraction of kernels (diameter 2.5 mm) which is used in malting. In 2000 and 2001, the treatments without adjuvants were applied. In the following two years, Silwet L-77 adjuvant (0.1 L/ha) was used with different rates of water (250 and 150 L/ha in 2002 and 2003, respectively). In all years, DON concentration increased in most cases after the grain samples were malted. The conditions of high grain moisture, moderate temperature and high relative humidity provide an ideal environment for Fusarium growth during germination. The greatest reduction of mycotoxins was achieved using a combination of azole fungicides with tebuconazole or metconazole or a mixture of metconazole + famoxadone + flusilazole with the addition of Silwet L-77 and a low rate of water.
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