The sufficient moisture of soil in the Kujawsko-Pomeranian region (Poland) and the yielding of winter triticale
2003
Kalbarczyk, E. | Kalbarczyk, R. (Akademia Rolnicza, Szczecin (Poland). Katedra Agrometeorologii i Klimatologii)
This paper includes the GUS (Chief Central Statistical Office) data containing triticale yields in the communes of the Kujawsko-Pomeranian Province (Poland). The data referred to the years 1987-98 and to the number of the 10-day periods with sufficient soil moisture content in the periods from 11 September to 31 October and from 1 April to 30 June in the years 1965/66-1997/98 determined on the basis of the maps of the moisture degree of soil included in the Agrometeorological Bulletins. The temporal and spatial distribution of the sufficient moisture content of soil in the Kujawsko-Pomeranian Province in the years 1965/66-1997/98 was characterized and the effect of the sufficient soil moisture content on the grain yield of winter triticale was determined. In addition, the frequency of occurrence of the years with the number of 10-day periods with sufficient moisture content in soil below the determined threshold values in autumn and winter periods was calculated. On the basis of the spacial distribution of frequency of the years with a determined number of 10-day periods with sufficient moisture content of soil and soil complexes, three areas of differentiated conditions of triticale cultivation were selected. It was found that in the Kujawsko-Pomeranian Province, the average number of 10-day periods with sufficient soil moisture content was 4 in autumn and 7 in spring, with the average ranging from 35 to 27 percent, respectively. The sufficient moisture content of the surface layer of soil in autumn for less or equal 4.5 ten-day periods and in spring less 8 ten-day periods caused a decrease in the grain yield of triticale below the many years' average. In the Kujawsko-Pomeranian Province, the average favourable conditions for the sufficient soil moisture content occurred on about 1/3 of the surface of the province mainly in its central and south-western part. Unfavourable conditions for the cultivation of triticale occurred in the northern, north-eastern and south-eastern part of the province
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