Changes in the number of weed seeds in soil under different tillage systems of winter wheat
2005
Wojciechowski, W. (Wroclaw Agricultural University (Poland). Dept. of Soil Management and Plant Cultivation) | Sowinski, J. (Wroclaw Agricultural University (Poland). Dept. of Crop Production), E-mail: [email protected]
The aim of performed research was to evaluate weed seedbank in soil under the influence of four different winter wheat tillage systems. Winter wheat was grown in the following cultivation systems: A-monoculture with direct drilling into white clover mulch, B-monoculture with direct drilling into wheat stubble, C- onoculture with conventional tillage, D- rop rotation with conventional tillage. It was shown that pre-sowing wheat tillage had a more considerable effect on weed species and weed seedbank in soil than type of crop rotation. The least seedbank was observed when plough system was replaced by direct drilling. In the soil layer of 0-20 cm, under wheat no-plough tillage, 20.3 percent less weed diaspores was found compared to monoculture with plough tillage and by 40.1 percent less than in crop rotation. The plough tillage increased amount of weed diaspores in the whole plough layer, while direct drilling increased it only in 0-1 cm of soil layer. After direct drilling of wheat into stubble (B) the number of weed diaspores in 1 cubic dcm of soil in 0-1 cm layer was over twofold higher than in direct sowing in mulch (A), and threefold higher than in crop rotation (D) and almost six times higher than in wheat monoculture with conventional tillage (C). Dominating weed species in the soil over the types of wheat cultivation systems were: Chenopodium album L., Amaranthus retroflexus L., Apera spica-venti L., Lamium purpureum L., and Viola arvensis Murr.
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