Research of hormone,age and position effect of hardwood cutting in Picea crassifolia Kom

Китайский. 为了解青海云杉插穗生根的外在因素和内在生理生化基础，采用网袋容器和自动间歇喷雾扦插繁殖技术,系统研究了青海云杉插穗母株年龄、部位、类型及激素处理等对插穗生根的影响，并采用高效液相色谱法测定了不同插穗类型内源激素吲哚乙酸(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA3)、玉米素(Z)、玉米素核苷(ZR)、异戊烯基腺嘌呤(IPA)、酚类化合物和糖类的含量。结果表明，以7年生母株枝条作穗条扦插繁殖效果最佳；一级侧枝的生根情况优于二级侧枝和顶枝穗条,树冠下部穗条生根优于上部枝条；激素处理能显著提高硬枝插穗的生根率，其中以IBA 200 mg/kg处理3 h的生根效果最好；邻苯二酸和儿茶酸2种酚类化合物可能对生根有抑制作用；枝条和针叶中三糖含量随母株年龄增加而增大，而葡萄糖含量却呈下降趋势；高含量的Z和ZR均有利于插条生根，IAA对生根无促进作用，IPA对插条生根可能具有一定的抑制作用，单一的某种激素对青海云杉插穗生根无明显影响。

Английский. In order to understand the techniques of cutting propagation and physiological and biochemical basis for hardwood cutting of Picea crassifolia Kom, by cutting method in auto-interval mist system together with some treatments, the rooting ability of different ortet ages, different cutting positions, different branch types, different hormones, some rooting indexes such as rooting ratio, rooting quantity and root length were investigated. The endogenous hormones contents, including IAA, ABA, GA3 and Z, phenol compounds and sugar compound, were measured using HPLC. The result obtained by the experiment indicated that the rooting ratio of seven-year-old ortet was higher than that of twelve-year-old. The rooting effect of cuttings from first order lateral branches was better than that of cuttings from second -order lateral branches, and their rooting effect both were better than apical shoots. The rooting ratio of hardwood was increased by plant hormone treatment, especially treated by IBA 250 mg/kg 3 hours. The contents of IAA, ABA, GA3 and Z, phenol compounds and sugar compound as well as the ratio of IAA to ABA, IAA to Z from different cutting types were correlated with the rooting ratio. Hydroxyl benzoate acid and catechol acid perhaps had some restraining functions. Trisaccharide content increased but glucose content decreased with the aging of mother-plants. While the higher-leveled content of Z, ZR contributed to produce more roots, IAA had no any promoting function to cuttings rooting. IPA also can probably control cuttings rooting. Single hormone had no obvious effect on the rooting of hardwood cutting of Picea crassifolia.