Effects of virus-eliminating and plant growth regulators on the endogenous level of hormone and tuber root yield of sweetpotato

Китайский. 研究脱毒苗和植物生长调节剂对甘薯内源激素含量及块根产量的影响。以徐薯18甘薯苗为材料，设置脱毒原种苗（VF）、氯化胆碱（LH）浸根、叶面喷洒壮丰安（ZFA）、未脱毒徐薯18苗（CK）4个处理，测定不同处理对块根产量、块根日增长速率、T/R值、不同时期叶片及块根内源激素的影响。VF和LH处理使甘薯块根干物质产量两年平均分别增产21.0%和24.2%，达极显著水平；ZFA处理使块根干物质产量两年平均增产5.2%,未达显著水平；与对照比较，各处理均可显著提高膨大高峰期块根的日鲜重增长速率；脱毒和氯化胆碱浸根处理可显著降低生长前、中期的T/R值，不同程度地提高功能叶叶片的IAA含量、CTKs含量和GA4含量，提高膨大高峰期块根的CTKs含量、ABA含量和IAA含量，并使高峰期提早出现3～4周；壮丰安处理显著降低了中后期叶片的GA4含量和ABA含量，提高了叶片CTKs含量、IAA含量及生长后期块根的CTKs、ABA及IAA含量，但均未达显著水平。VF、LH和ZFA处理全面改变了甘薯源、库器官多种激素的含量水平，有效延缓叶片的衰老，延长叶片功能期，控制甘薯地上部的群体并防止茎叶的徒长，使地上部茎叶的生长与地下部块根的膨大更为协调。有利于块根产量的提高。

Английский. The present study it to elucidate the effects of virus-eliminating and plant growth regulators on the endogenous level of hormone and tuber root yield of dweetpotato. Using xushu18, one cultivar of sweetpotato as materials,4 treatments including virus-free cuttings(VF), cuttings soaking with choline chloride(CC), and foliar spraying with Zhuangfengan(ZFA) were conducted. The root yield, root growing rate, T/R ratio and endogenous levels of hormone in leaves and tuber of sweetpotato were analyzed. The results showed that the drymatter yield of tuber root in the treatment of VF and CC increased by 21.0% and 24.2%, respectively, while in the treatment of ZFA increased by 5.2%.Compared to the control, the growth rates increased significantly in all treatments during the peak expanding period of tuber roots. In the treatments of VF and CC, the T/R ratio decreased significantly, and the contents of cytokinin (CTKs), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA4) in the leaves increased by some extents, and the contents of CTKs, IAA, ABA in the tuber roots also increased and their peaks appeared early about 3-4 weeks. In the treatment of ZFA, the contents of GA4 and ABA in the leaves decreased significantly, the contents of CTKs, IAA in the leaf and CTKs, ABA, IAA in the tuber roots increased.The result suggest that VF,CC and ZFA treatments can change the endogenous levels of hormone in leaves and tubers of sweetpotato, which make the vine growth and tuber roots develop more harmoniously, then increase roots yield.