Effects of genotype, environment and fungicide treatment on development of Fusarium head blight and accumulation of DON in winter wheat grain
2007
Sip, V.,Vyzkumny Ustav Rostlinne Vyroby, Prague (Czech Republic) | Chrpova, J.,Vyzkumny Ustav Rostlinne Vyroby, Prague (Czech Republic) | Leisova, L.,Vyzkumny Ustav Rostlinne Vyroby, Prague (Czech Republic) | Sykorova, S.,Vyzkumny Ustav Rostlinne Vyroby, Prague (Czech Republic) | Kucera, L.,Vyzkumny Ustav Rostlinne Vyroby, Prague (Czech Republic) | Ovesna, J.,Vyzkumny Ustav Rostlinne Vyroby, Prague (Czech Republic)
Reactions to artificial infection with Fusarium culmorum and metconazole- or tebuconazole-based fungicides were studied in nine winter wheat cultivars in field experiments between the years 2001-2004. The following traits were examined: deoxynivalenol (DON) content in grain, pathogen DNA content (Ct) determined by real-time quantitative PCR, percentage of Fusarium damaged grains (FDG), symptom scores and reductions in grain yield components. All the traits were highly affected by conditions of experimental years and interactions with cultivars and treatments. Moderately resistant cultivars Arina and Petrus were included in the first homogeneous group in all traits, including Ct. The percentage of FDG was useful to predict cultivar resistance to Fusarium head blight and accumulation of DON. The Ct was significantly related to DON content under different conditions. However, the correlation coefficients ranged between 0.42 and 0.92. Different levels of DON could be detected at similar pathogen contents. The higher colonization of grain by the fungus was mostly connected with a strongly reduced amount of DON per pathogen unit (DON/Ct ratio). The fungicide treatment had a significant effect on a reduction in all traits except DON/Ct, but the effects on different traits were not often proportional and they were highly variable in the particular years (range 10−69%) and cultivars (range less than 0 to 60%). While the application of fungicide caused a reduction in DON content in all cultivars, an increase in pathogen content after the application of fungicides was not exceptional. The efficacy of fungicide treatment for DON was low at high pathogen content and late heading.
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