The effects of nitrogen and potassium rates on grain yield and quality of sunflowers
2004
Esmaeili, Mohammad | Khive, Mohammad | tokasi, Mohammad | Golchin, Ahmad
In order to study the effects of N and K2O rates on growth characteristics, seed yield and seed oil content of sunflower (Golshid cultivar) an experiment was conducted in Zanjan Agricultural Research station In 2000- 2001. The experiment was factorial with a randomized complete block design and had Three replicates. Four levels of N (0,90, 135 and 180 kg/ ha) and three levels of K2O (0,100 and 200 Kg/ ha) were applied to soil using urea and potassium sulphate +2 treatment additional as fertilizer sources. Leaf sampling was performed at flowering stage and samples were analysed for N, P and K contents. Stem and head diameters of plant and plant height were recorded during growth period. Seed yield, 1000 seeds weight, seed oil content, N, P and K contents of seeds and plant were also measured after harvesting period and soil of all treatments were analysed for residualnitrate and ammonium nitrogen. The results obtained from the analysis of variance showed that nitrogen but not. Potassium had a significant effect (P 1%) on seed yield production. Intreaction effect of nitrogen and potassium on seed yield was also significant at P 1% levels. The highest seed yield (4077 kg/ ha) obtained from the application of 180 kg/ ha but there was not significant difference between N90, N135 and N180 levels with respect to seed yield production. In the study there was a positive and significant correlation between seed yield and plant characteristics such as stem diameter, head diameters, plant height, 1000 seeds weight, leaf nitrogen content seed protein content, soil total nitrogen and soil nitrate nitrogen, showing nitrogen as the mian facter affecting sunflower seed yield was nitrogen.
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