Effects of tillage method and nitrogen rates on winter wheat harvested for silage and grain
2004
Sowinski, J.,Akademia Rolnicza, Wroclaw (Poland). Katedra Szczegolowej Uprawy Roslin
In the years 1998-2002 field experiments were carried out in the south-west of Poland. Three sowing methods for winter wheat were compared: tillage method with ploughing, direct drilling into stubble and direct drilling in white clover sward (bicropping system). In all three systems, five nitrogen rates were applied: 30 or 60 kg per ha, (once in spring before growth start), 90 or 120 kg applied twice (60 kg per ha in spring and the remaining portion before ear emergency). For comparison, the control field was not treated with nitrogen. A sward of white clover sown into spring wheat was established in April 1998. Winter wheat (Kobra variety) was directly drilled into stubble and white clover sward in autumn 1998, 1999 and 2000. Direct sowing was compared with a traditional sowing method. Before winter wheat was sown, the white clover sward was sprayed with paraquat (3 l/ha) in 1998 and a low rate of glifosat (2 l per ha) in 1999 and 2000. Winter wheat was harvested twice: for silage (in milk-dough grain stage) and for grain. The results were analysed statistically using the analysis of variance (STATISTICA software)
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