Effects of temperature and humidity condition on main physiological characteristics and quality of cured leaf by using bulk curing barn

Китайский. 为了深入研究密集烤房烘烤工艺与烤后烟叶质量的关系，在模拟密集烘烤条件下，研究了不同变黄、定色温湿度条件下烟叶淀粉酶、蛋白酶、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和MDA含量的变化动态，及其对烤后烟叶外观质量、物理特性和化学成分的影响。结果表明，在不同温湿度条件下，淀粉酶、蛋白酶活性均呈现“升高_降低_升高”的规律，SOD、POD均呈下降趋势，CAT则先上升后降低；在低温中湿变黄条件（变黄阶段干球温度38 ℃，相对湿度85%～80%）下，淀粉酶、蛋白酶、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性较高，丙二醛（MDA）积累较少，有利于烟叶内含物质的分解转化；中湿定色条件下烤后烟叶颜色桔黄，组织结构疏松，油分足，色度强，烟叶的平衡含水率、出丝率、叶质重、拉力、填充值均得到改善且在适宜范围内，化学成分含量适宜，比例协调，总体上提高了烟叶的品质。以上结果表明，采用低温中湿变黄及中湿定色烘烤工艺，烤后烟叶质量最优。

Английский. The purpose of this experiment is to research the relation of curing process of bulk curing barn and cured-tobacco leaf quality. The test was conducted to study the effects of different yellowing, color-fixing temperature and humility conditions on main physiological characteristics (amylase, proteinase, SOD, POD, CAT) and quality of cured leaf by using bulk curing barn. The results indicated that under different temperature and humility condition, the activity of amylase and proteinase showed the tendancy of rise-reduce-rise in the process of curing, the activity of SOD and POD decreased gradually, and CAT activity increased earlier and then decreased. Under low temperature and middle humility of yellowing condition, the activity of amylase, proteinase, SOD, POD and CAT were higher comparatively, and the content of MDA was lower, which was beneficial to the conversion of embedded substance. Under the middle humility color-fixing condition, the cured leaf was orange-colored, open in leaf structure, rich in oil, strong in color intensity and its equilibrium moisture content, ration of cut tobacco yield, density of leaf fabric, breaking stress and filling value were relatively suitable, the main composition contents were proper, and the quality of the cured leaves was improved in the mass. The above findings show that the curing process of low temperature and middle humility of yellowing and middle humility color-fixing can provide the best quality of cured-tobacco leaf.